LACHINE 



3291 



LACKAWANNA 



and insect eggs. Their eggs are grouped as 

 on a stem, to protect them from worms, and 

 the larvae (young) spin themselves a queer 



LACE-WINGED FLIES 



(a-} Adult, three-fourths natural size; (b) the 

 grub, about one-half size: (c) the adult, magni- 

 fied about one and one-fourth times. 



little cocoon with a lid that opens to let them 

 out when they become flies. 



LACHINE, lah sheen' , a suburb of Montreal, 

 in Jacques Cartier County, Quebep. It is situ- 

 ated on the island of Montreal and on the 

 Saint Lawrence River, eight miles southwest 

 of Montreal, with which it is connected by 

 the Lachine Canal. Lachine is the eastern 

 terminus for steamers plying between Ottawa, 

 Kingston, Toronto and Hamilton. Railway 

 transportation is provided by the Grand Trunk 

 and Canadian Pacific railways, and electric 

 lines extend to Montreal. The name La Chine 

 (China) was given the place in 1669, in derision 

 of the first settlers, who had hoped to reach 

 China by way of the Saint Lawrence River. 

 In 1689 the place was burned and tjie inhabit- 

 ants were massacred by the Iroquois Indians. 

 It was rebuilt and incorporated as a town in 

 1872 and as a city in 1909. The population is 

 chiefly Canadian. In 1911 it was 10,699; in 

 1916 it was estimated at 14,000. 



Though primarily a residential suburb of 

 Montreal, Lachine is also important commer- 

 cially and industrially. Through the Lachine 

 Canal, which was constructed to avoid the 

 Lachine Rapids in the Saint Lawrence River, 

 the city becomes the receiving and shipping 

 point, for all the water commerce between 

 Montreal and the West. The enormous hydro- 

 electric power generated here by the current 

 of the Saint Lawrence River supplies Montreal 

 and the vicinity with power for manufacture 

 mid other purposes. The largest industrial 

 establishments in Lachine are electric light 

 pliints. steel mills, foundries, car- and boat- 

 building- plants :nd breweries. A.E.S.B. 



LACHLAN, lahk'lan, a river in New South 

 Wales, Australia, a tributary of the Murray, 

 which with its branches forms the only large 

 river system of the continent. It rises in the 

 Blue Mountains, flows southwest into the 

 Murrumbidgee, which joins the Murray, empty- 

 ing into Encounter Bay. The Lachlan is about 

 700 miles long and furnishes moisture to the 

 grassy plains through which it flows and on 

 which great numbers of sheep are raised. 



LACHRYMAL, lak'rimal, GLANDS are the 

 tear glands leading to the eyes. The phrase is 

 from the Latin lacrima, meaning tear, and 

 glans, meaning acorn. The glands are two 

 small bodies each the size of an almond, lying 

 in the upper and outer part of the cavities 

 which hold the eyes. They secrete fluid which 

 is carried to the eye by eight ducts which lead 

 to the conjunctiva, or the thin, fine membrane 

 that lines the lid and from there passes over 

 the ball of the eye. The continual motion of 

 the eyelid effects an unnoticeable washing of 

 the eye, freeing it of dust and foreign bodies. 

 This fluid next passes through two small open- 

 ings in the lower lids into the lachrymal canals, 

 and down the lachrymal ducts into the lower 

 portion of the nose. An unusual secretion of 

 moisture, on account of irritation of the eye 

 or through excessive emotion, overflows the 

 lower lid as tears.' J.H.K. 



LACKAWANNA, lakawahn'a, a small river 

 rising in the northeastern part of Pennsyl- 

 vania, in whose valley are found the largest 

 and most important anthracite coal beds in 

 the United States. It flows for about fifty 

 miles through narrow defiles formed by the 

 Shawnee and Moosie mountains, emptying into 

 the north branch of the Susquehanna at Pitts- 

 ton. All along its banks are great rolling mills, 

 collieries and blast furnaces. 



LACKAWANNA, N. Y., a city in Erie 

 County, noted for its steel industry. It is 

 situated on the Lake Erie coast of the state, 

 five miles south of Buffalo, by rail. Albany 

 is 300 miles east, directly across the state, and 

 New York is 450 miles southeast. The city is 

 served by the New York Central, the Penn- 

 sylvania, the Lehigh Valley and the Buffalo. 

 Rochester & Pittsburgh railways, and by trac- 

 tion lines. Lackaw r anna was incorporated in 

 1909, when it adopted the commission form of 

 government. The inhabitants are chiefly 

 Americans, with a mixture of Poles, Irish and 

 Hungarians ; the population increased from 

 14,549 in 1910 to 16,346 in 1915 (state census). 

 Tho urea of the city is four square miles. 



