LATITUDE 



3342 



LATTER DAY SAINTS 



By the treaty of 1865 the weight and fineness 

 of the gold and silver coins were regulated, and 

 it was provided that the gold coins and the sil- 

 ver five-franc pieces might be issued in unlim- 

 ited quantities and should circulate freely, as 

 before. The coinage of the smaller silver coins 

 was limited. Ten years later the coinage of the 

 silver five-franc piece was limited, and a gold 

 standard was definitely adopted. 



LAT'ITUDE, a term in geography used to 

 designate -the distance of any point on the 

 earth north or south of the equator. Such dis- 

 tance is measured in degrees, the equator 

 being and each of the poles 90 from the 

 equator; that is, the distance from the equator 

 to a pole is one-fourth of a great circle drawn 

 around the earth and passing through the poles. 

 Places north of the equator are said to be in 

 north latitude; those south of it are in south 

 latitude. Parallels of latitude are imaginary 



DIAGRAMS SHOWING LATITUDE 



lines drawn around the globe parallel to the 

 equator, the important ones being the Arctic 

 and Antarctic circles and the tropics of Cancer 

 and Capricorn. It is worthy of note that the 

 highest civilization on the earth lies between 

 25 and 60 north latitude, and that the earth's 

 greatest cities in the northern hemisphere are 

 quite close to the 40th parallel of north lati- 

 tude. 



A degree of latitude at the equator is equal 

 to about sixty-eight and seven-tenths common 

 miles; at latitude 40 a degree is nearly equal 

 to sixty-nine miles. The length of "the mid- 

 dle degree," that is, at places in latitude 45, 

 is 364,606 feet, a little over sixty-nine miles. 

 The distance in degrees east or west of any 

 north and south line is called longitude (which 

 see). 



Related Subjects. The reader is referred in 



this connection to the following articles in these 

 volumes : 



Antarctic Circle Longitude 



Arctic Circle Pole 



Degree Tropics 



Equator Zone 

 Geography 



LATIUM, la'shium, in ancient geography, 

 was that part of Central Italy along the coast 

 of the Mediterranean Sea, southeast of Etruria 

 and northwest of 

 Campania. Its 

 chief cities 

 formed a league 

 which warred 

 with the Romans 

 from 340 to 338 

 B. c., after which 

 it was incorpo- 

 rated with Rome. 

 Its location nearly 

 coincides with the 

 modern Cam- 

 pagna di Roma, 

 which surrounds 

 the city of Rome, 

 but the ancient 



ANCIENT LATIUM 



CD Etruria 



(2) Liguria 



(3) Gallia Cisalpina 



(4) Venetia 



(5) Umbria 



(6) Picenum 



(7) Sabini 



(8) Aequi 

 .... (9) Freutani 



much more highly (io) Samnium 



riiltivntpH nnH dD Apulia 



1 (12) Campania 



more thickly (13) Lucania 



. , _ . J (14) Peucetii 



peopled. Latium (15) Calabria 



provnce was 



(16) Bruttil 



Volscians, Auruncans 



was occupied by 



the Latins, Hernicans 



and the Aequi. 



LATROBE ' , PA., a manufacturing borough 

 in Westmoreland County, situated in the 

 southwestern part of the state, on Loyalhanna 

 Creek. Pittsburgh is forty-one miles north- 

 west. Transportation is provided by the Penn- 

 sylvania and the Ligonier Valley railroads, and 

 electric lines operate to towns in the vicinity. 

 Latrobe is located in a district rich in deposits 

 of coal and iron. The people are engaged prin- 

 cipally in coal mining, and in making paper, 

 woolen goods and glass. There are also large 

 coke ovens here. Noteworthy buildings are 

 Latrobe Hospital, Saint Vincent's Monastery, 

 Saint Xavier's Convent and the high school. 

 In 1910 the population was 8,777; in T916, by 

 Federal estimate, it was 11,393. 



LATTER DAY SAINTS, REORGANIZED 

 CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF, a religious sect 

 with headquarters in Laomi, Iowa. It was 

 organized in 1852 by Joseph Smith, son and 

 namesake of Joseph Smith, founder of the 

 Mormon Church. It accepts some of the doc- 

 trines of Mormonism, but holds that after the 

 death of its founder the control of the Mor- 

 mon body should have passed to his son; and 

 it has always rejected the practice of polygamy. 

 The Iowa group is known as "Reorganites" (the 

 name "Josephites" is condemned by Mormon 



