LAW 



3350 



LAW 



Member 

 Lower House 



)D 



HOW A BILL BECOMES A LAW 



In either house of the English or Canadian Parliament or of the American Congress any member 

 may introduce a bill which he seeks to have enacted into a law. He presents this bill in the house of 

 which he is a member ; it is referred to a committee, which discusses its merits and eventually may 

 report it favorably for passage. If it passes the house in which it was introduced it goes to the other 

 house, where it must be voted upon. In case it passes this second vote it then is sent to the executive 

 authority, the President or Governor-General, for his approval. If he signs it, it becomes a law and 

 is forwarded to the Secretary of State to be filed and published. If the bill fails to pass either house 

 or if the executive will not sign it it cannot become a law unless passed over the veto. 



Remedial law, or the law which applies 

 remedies, concerns itself with the redress of 

 wrongs, the punishment of criminals and the 

 classification of crimes and penalties. In point 

 of fact these two main branches of the law, 

 the remedial and the substantive, overlap, since 

 both have for their purpose the protection of 

 society. It is impossible to give in detail here 

 the treatment of laws by the various peoples. 

 The chief divergences may be found in the 

 articles upon the leading nations. 



United States Law Schools. There are more 

 than a hundred in the United States, teach- 

 ing over 20,000 students every year. Most 

 of them are connected with universities. The 

 first school existed at Litchfield, Conn., from 

 1784 to 1833, and was founded after earlier at- 

 tempts to establish legal lectures at colleges 



had failed. Several of the best university law 

 schools, including those of Yale, Pennsylvania, 

 Michigan and Northwestern universities, were 

 established between 1830 and 1860. The case 

 system of instruction, in which individual 

 analysis of legal decisions supplants the study 

 of .textbooks, was established at Harvard in 

 1870 and is now employed by most of the lead- 

 ing schools. Pennsylvania and Harvard law 

 schools admit only holders of college degrees, 

 and several others require students to have 

 completed from one to three years of college 

 study. 



Canada Law Schools. In Canada there is 

 a faculty of law at each large university. Ro- 

 man and civil law are given greater emphasis 

 than in the United States. In both countries the 

 course of study is usually three years, for which 



