LELAND STANFORD 



3376 



LE MANS 



in Pennsylvania Dutch and filled with humorous 

 phases and amusing adventures. So strongly 

 did this appeal to the people that Leland him- 

 self came to be called Hans Breitmann, but he 

 refused to adopt this pseudonym. 



He spent much time in New York, established 

 in Boston the Continental Magazine, in which 

 he advocated the emancipation of slaves, and 

 passed two years in London studying the gyp- 

 sies. He left much work relating to these 

 people. 



LELAND STANFORD JUNIOR UNI- 

 VERSITY, a coeducational institution, at Palo 

 Alto, California (post office, Stanford Univer- 

 sity, Cal.), thirty-three miles south of San 

 Francisco. It was founded by Leland Stanford 

 and Jane Lathrop Stanford, his wife, in mem- 

 ory of their only son, Leland Stanford, Jr., who 

 died in 1884, at the age of fifteen. The origi- 

 nal endowment consisted of about 90,000 acres 

 of land in various parts of the state; the Stan- 

 ford ranch at Palo Alto, the immediate grounds 

 of the university, includes 9,000 acres. To this 

 landed endowment was added a bequest of 

 $2,500,000 in the will of Mr. Stanford, and the 

 residue of his estate was turned over to the 

 university during her lifetime by Mrs. Stan- 

 ford, increasing the endowment to approxi- 

 mately $25,000,000. The Founding Grant was 

 executed in 1885, the corner stone of the first 

 building was laid in 1887, and the institution 

 was opened to students on October, 1891, with 

 an enrolment of 559. 



The buildings of the university are an 

 adaptation of the old Spanish Mission archi- 

 tecture, reproducing on an imposing scale the 

 open arches, long colonnades and red tile roofs 

 of the early missions of California. The cen- 

 tral group of buildings constitutes two quad- 

 rangles, one surrounding the other, and both 

 connected by arcades. The inner quadrangle 

 of twelve one-story buildings opens through a 

 continuous arcade upon a paved court, three 

 and a quarter acres in extent, diversified by 

 circles of tropical plants. The fourteen build- 

 ings of the outer quadrangle are two stories in 

 height and are surrounded by an arcade open- 

 ing outward. The soft buff sandstone and 

 grayish-red tile roofs harmonize in the Cali- 

 fornia sunshine with the golden-brown slopes 

 of the Mount Hamilton range of mountains 

 in the foreground and with the deep blue of 

 the Santa Cruz range in the background. 



Tuition is free in the university, except in 

 the professional courses of law and medicine. 

 An incidental fee of fifteen dollars a semester 



is paid by undergraduate students, from which 

 graduate students are exempt. The departments 

 of the university are those of anatomy, applied 

 mathematics, bacteriology and immunity, bot- 

 any, chemistry, civil engineering, economics, 

 education, electrical engineering, English, ento- 

 mology and bionomics, geology and mining, 

 Germanic languages, Greek, history, Latin, law, 

 mathematics, mechanical engineering, medicine, 

 philosophy, physics, physiology and histology, 

 psychology, Romance- languages and zoology. 

 The professional courses in law and medicine 

 are organized into schools, the medical school 

 being located in the city of San Francisco. The 

 university maintains a marine biological labora- 

 tory with a summer session on Monterey Bay. 

 In 1916 it had a student enrolment of over 

 2,200, and its faculty numbered about 210. The 

 library contains about 280,000 volumes, includ- 

 ing those of the Lane Medical Library in San 

 Francisco. 



The distinguishing feature of Stanford Uni- 

 versity is its freedom in the choice of studies. 

 Students are encouraged to elect their own 

 subjects, under the advice of the major pro- 

 fessors. The purpose of the university, as 

 stated by Senator Stanford, is "to fit students 

 for personal success and direct usefulness in 

 life." The mastery of a major subject, with 

 free election in collateral work, helps greatly 

 toward this end. It was the wish of the found- 

 ers also that a truly democratic spirit should 

 be fostered in the institution and that its facili- 

 ties should be reserved for earnest students 

 of definite aim, those being excluded who 

 might "wish to acquire a university degree or 

 educational veneer for the mere ornamentation 

 of idle and purposeless lives." G.A.C. 



LE MANS , le maN ' , a town in central 

 France, capital of the department of Sarthe. 

 It is built on a- hill above the River Sarthe, 

 about 115 miles southwest of Paris. At the 

 time of the Roman conquest (60 B.C.) it was 

 the chief city of the barbarian tribe known as 

 the Cenomani; the Romans fortified it and 

 later it became one of the important cities 

 of the Franks. Henry II, the first of the 

 Plantagenet kings of England, was born at 

 Le Mans. The French were defeated there by 

 the Germans in 1871, during the Franco-Ger- 

 man War. In spite of many sieges sustained 

 by the historic old city, the fine Gothic cathe- 

 dral of Saint Julien, which dates from the 

 eleventh century, is unharmed. The chief 

 manufactures are chemicals (especially sul- 

 phuric acid), woolen and linen goods, hosiery, 



