LIVERPOOL 



3468 



LIVINGSTONE 



opened only to permit vessels to pass at high 

 tide. 



In addition to the city's export and import 

 activities, considerable home trade has been 

 developed through its extensive shipbuilding 

 yards, iron and brass foundries, rice and flour 

 mills, sugar refineries, glass works and watch 

 factories. Not far from the busy water front 

 are located the Exchange and the Town Hall. 

 These buildings cover over two acres of ground. 

 In the great news room of the Exchange, with 

 its splendid decorations and fine stained-glass 

 dome, merchants and brokers gather daily amid 

 exciting scenes. The newer and better parts 

 of Liverpool are on the highlands back of the 

 river, where stand some of the finest public 

 buildings in the world. Chief among these is 

 Saint George's Hall, constructed from the prof- 

 its arising from the docks; it contains many 

 court rooms and halls used for public gather- 

 ings and educational purposes; its organ is one 

 of the largest ever made. 



Nearby are located the Free Library and 

 Museum, the Walker Art Gallery and the Pic- 

 ton Reading Room, each affording many oppor- 

 tunities to all who would take advantage of 

 them. The city is well supplied with schools 

 of all kinds, and contains about 275 churches. 

 The waterworks, lighting system and street cars 

 are owned and operated by the municipality. 

 The residence portion contains many fine, open 

 squares surrounded by beautiful homes; on the 

 outskirts are four parks, of which Sefton Park 

 and the Zoological Gardens are exceedingly in- 

 teresting. 



The rise of Liverpool has been remarkable. 

 In the middle of the fourteenth century it con- 

 tained only 840 inhabitants and about 170 cot- 

 tages. In 1911 it had a population of 746,400, 

 and its houses compare with the finest of any 

 city. Between this city and Manchester there 

 was opened in 1830 the first important steam 

 railroad ever constructed (see RAILROAD). Liv- 

 erpool has been the home of many famous men 

 and women, among whom are John Sadler, in- 

 ventor of painting on pottery; Mrs. Hemans, 

 poet; Benjamin Spence, sculptor; William Ros- 

 coe, poet and historian, and E. H. Sothern, 

 actor. Among the writers included in the "Liv- 

 erpool School" of literature are William Wat- 

 son, Hall Caine and Richard Le Gallienne. 



Consult Howell's Seven English Cities; Shaw's 

 Municipal Government in Great Britain. 



LIVERPOOL, the county town of Queen's 

 County, Nova Scotia, a port of entry at the 

 mouth of Mersey River, on the Halifax & 



Southwestern Railway. It is 112 miles south- 

 west of Halifax by rail but only -eighty miles 

 overland. In addition to an extensive trade in 

 fish and lumber, the town is known for its 

 tanneries, pulp mills and allied industries. Its 

 harbor, directly on the Atlantic, is excellent. 

 Population in 1911, 2,109; in 1916, about 2,300. 



LIVERWORTS, liv'uruwrts, tiny plants 

 closely resembling certain mosses. There are 

 several hundred varieties known, and some 

 member of the family is found in every part of 

 the world. They grow in damp, shaded places, 

 on rocks and the bark of trees, and sometimes 

 in water. The liverwort is a flat, lobed, leaf- 

 like plant, somewhat resembling the human 

 liver in shape. It was given its name because 

 of this resemblance, and was once supersti- 

 tiously supposed to be a cure for diseases of the 

 liver. On the underside of the little flat leaf 

 are many tiny rootlets which hold the liverwort 

 to the object upon which it is growing. 



LIVINGSTONE, liv' ing stun, DAVID (1813- 

 1873), pioneer missionary and explorer, who 

 made "Darkest Africa" known to the world, was 

 born at Blantyre, Scotland. His parents were 

 poor, and he went to work in a cotton factory 

 at the age of ten. 

 He struggled hard 

 to educate himself 

 and after having 

 managed self- 

 support through a 

 course in medi- 

 cine at Anderson 

 College, Glasgow, 

 he offered his 

 services to the 

 London Mission- 

 ary Society. He 

 was sent to Africa, 

 although he had 

 hoped to go to China, and commenced his mis 

 sionary labors among the natives of Bechuai 

 land and the vast regions of Central Afrk 

 He was a man of uncouth appearance, but 

 a captivating manner which everywhere ma( 

 him friends. A man of great purity of thouj 

 he exercised great influence on all with whor 

 he came in contact. 



His life in Africa was a continuous sti 

 He devoted himself heart and soul to the civili 

 zation of the native tribes; he won the friei 

 ship of the chiefs and went fearlessly and safel 

 where before no white man had penetrat 

 He won the confidence of the natives; even 

 brutal and debased Arab slave dealers paid hii 



DAVID LIVINGSTONE 



