LOS ANGELES 



3505 



LOTTERY 



The valiie of lumber, the chief domestic im- 

 port, is about $6,000,000. The leading exports 

 are fruits and vegetables, wine and brandy, 

 hides, wool, honey, canned goods, sugar, cotton, 

 wheat, corn, petroleum and by-products. 



History. A group of colonists from Mexico, 

 under the command of a government official, 

 made a settlement at Los Angeles in 1781 for 

 the purpose of raising produce for the soldiers 

 of the presidios. San Gabriel Mission, now 

 surrounded by the town of Alhambra, had been 

 founded a few miles east about ten years 

 earlier. The little pueblo was named Pueblo de 

 Nuestra Senora la Reina de Los Angeles (City 

 of Our Lady, the Queen of the Angels), a title 

 suggested by the church calendar. Until 1847, 

 Monterey and Los Angeles were alternately the 

 capital of the Mexican province of California. 



LOSSING, los'ing, BENSON JOHN (1813- 

 1891), an American who won fame as an his- 

 torian, but who was first a watchmaker, editor 

 and wood engraver. He was born in Bickman, 

 Dutchess County, N. Y., was apprenticed to a 

 watchmaker in Poughkeepsie in 1826, and in 

 1835 became editor of the Poughkeepsie Tele- 

 graph. Afterward he settled in New York as 

 a wood engraver and illustrated his own writ- 

 ings. In 1841 appeared his Outline History of 

 the Fine Arts. His Pictorial Field Book of the 

 Revolution appeared in 1850 and 1852, being 

 issued in numbers. He was also the author of 

 a series of school histories. Other published 

 works include Life and Times of Philip Schuy- 

 ler, The American Centenary, Compendious 

 History of the Commonwealth of New York 

 and Encyclopedia of United States History. 



MAP OF THE LOS ANGELES AQUEDUCT 



Los Angeles was taken by United States troops 

 under General J. C. Fremont, in 1846, and was 

 retaken by General Philip Kearny in 1847, after 

 an uprising of the inhabitants. In 1851, the 

 year after California entered the Union as a 

 state, Los Angeles was chartered as a city; its 

 rapid development began after the completion 

 of the Santa Fe Railroad in 1885. 



One of the most remarkable projects under- 

 taken by the city, completed in 1913, was the 

 building of the longest aqueduct in the world, 

 which brings the melting snows of Mount 

 Whitney to Los Angeles, a distance of over 250 

 miles. The total cost, including the prelimi- 

 nary work of constructing roads and trails, a 

 telephone system, a broad-gauge railroad over 

 the Mojave Desert, and power-generating 

 plants, was about $25,000,000. The capacity is 

 258,000,000 gallons delivered at the cutlet every 

 twenty-four hours. The water power is used 

 to generate electrical energy for manufacture, 

 and the surplus water of the aqueduct is used 

 for irrigation purposes at various points along 

 the course. 

 220 



LOTI, lote', PIERRE (1850- ), the pen 

 name of Louis MARIE JULIEN VIAUD, a French 

 novelist, whose early books, halfway between 

 fact and fiction, portray not only his own life 

 but also the spirit of modern literature in his 

 own country. He was born at Rochefort of 

 Huguenot ancestry, and at the age of seventeen 

 entered the marine service. He traveled exten- 

 sively until 1910, when he was placed on the 

 reserve list, having been made captain four 

 years before. As a naval officer he visited many 

 ports, obtaining varied settings for his numer- 

 ous books. The first of these, called Aziyade, 

 appeared in 1876, and told of his love for a 

 beautiful slave girl in Constantinople. His 

 most characteristic novel, Mon frere Yves, de- 

 scribing the life of a French bluejacket, won 

 him great fame in 1883 ; his love of description 

 rather than dialogue is best shown in his most 

 popular novel, Pecheur d'Islande, which was 

 written three years later and depicts the life of 

 the Breton fishermen. 



LOTTERY, lot'eri, a public gambling 

 scheme for raising money by the distribution 



