MANSFIELD 



3636 



MANSLAUGHTER 



ordinary curb-roof. Although first used in the 

 Louvre by Pierre Lescot, about 1550, the Man- 

 sard took its name from Frangois Mansart, the 



MANSARD ROOF 

 With dormer window on side. 



French architect who brought it into general 

 favor. 



MANS 'FIELD, RICHARD (1857-1907), distin- 

 guished for his intellectual and spiritual inter- 

 pretation of romantic and tragic roles, was 

 for years the leading actor on the American 

 stage. He was born on Helgoland, now a Ger- 

 man island for- 

 tress in the North 

 Sea, and was the 

 son of a London 

 wine merchant 

 and an opera 

 singer. As a 

 youth he stud- 

 ied painting at 

 the South Ken- 

 sington Art 

 School, London, 

 but was unable 

 to continue his 

 studies because of 

 lack of funds. At 

 the age of seven- RICHARD MANSFIELD 

 teen he emigrated to America and began work 

 as a clerk in a Boston mercantile house. The 

 following year Mansfield went to England, 

 where he began his theatrical career by sing- 

 ing in Gilbert and Sullivan operas. 



Returning to America in 1878, he soon won 

 success in the regular dramatic field, his first 

 notable part being that of Baron Chevrial in 

 A Parisian Romance. Later he attained wide 

 fame through his portrayal of such roles as 

 Dr. Jekyll and Mr. Hyde, in the play adapted 

 from Robert Louis Stevenson's famous novel, 

 of Beau Brummell, of Arthur Dimmesdale, in 

 his own adaptation of The Scarlet Letter, of 

 Monsieur Beaucaire (from Booth Tarkington's 

 novel), of Brutus in Julius Caesar and the lead- 



ing part in Ibsen's Peer Gynt. Though Mans- 

 field was sometimes criticized for various man- 

 nerisms and eccentricities, no one did more 

 than he to uphold the dignity and high ideals 

 of his profession. 



MANSFIELD, OHIO, the county seat of 

 Richland County, is in the north-central part 

 of the state, fifty-five miles south and east of 

 Sandusky and sixty-eight miles southeast of 

 Toledo. It is on the Pennsylvania, the Balti- 

 more & Ohio and the Erie railroads, and has 

 several interurban electric lines. The popula- 

 tion, which includes a number of Hungarians, 

 Slavs, Greeks and Italians, in 1910 was 20,768; 

 in 1916 it was 22,734 (Federal estimate). 



Mansfield has an area of five square miles. 

 It is well situated on a prominence 1,200 feet 

 above sea level. Sherman-Heineman Park of 

 100 acres is a part of a chain of parks. There 

 are many handsome private residences, a Fed- 

 eral building, a soldiers' and sailors' building, 

 Carnegie Library, a cathedral (Roman Catho- 

 lic), Y. M. C. A. building and a public emer- 

 gency hospital ; and here are located the county 

 children's home, the county infirmary and the 

 Ohio state reformatory. 



The city is the distributing center for the 

 surrounding country, a productive grain section. 

 Two miles distant are coal fields. Mansfield is 

 known for a great variety of manufactures, 

 among which are sheet steel, automobile tires, 

 rubber, stoves, farm implements, sawmills, 

 threshers, chains, pumps, sanitary ware, ammu- 

 nition and watchcases. The annual value of 

 manufactured products exceeds $16,000,000. 



Mansfield was organized in 1808, incorporated 

 as a village in 1828 and became a city in 1857. 

 It was named in honor of Jared Mansfield, a 

 surveyor and West Point professor. The city 

 was the home of John Sherman from 1840 until 

 his death. c.s.w. 



MANSLAUGHTER, man' slaw ter, the wrong- 

 ful killing of another without malice, expressed 

 or implied. It differs from murder in not pro- 

 ceeding from deliberate malice, or malice pre- 

 pense. Manslaughter has been distinguished as 

 voluntary, where the killing is intentional, but 

 done in the heat of passion and without pre- 

 vious malice; and involuntary, the result of 

 criminal carelessness, or occurring while the 

 offender is engaged in some wrongful act. An 

 example of voluntary manslaughter is the kill- 

 ing of a person in a quarrel; a reckless auto- 

 mobile driver who runs over and kills a pedes- 

 trian is guilty of involuntary manslaughter. 

 The punishment for manslaughter is regulated 



