MARY MAGDALENE 



3677 



MARY STUART 



From the election of Lincoln until 1896 the 

 state favored Democratic policies, and again in 

 1912, when President Wilson carried the state. 

 In 1914 two Democratic senators were elected. 

 In June, 1915, the statutes passed by the state 

 legislature making the "grandfather clause" ap- 

 plicable to individual cities, thus restricting the 

 negro vote, were declared unconstitutional by 

 the United States Supreme Court. E.B.P. 



Consult Brown's Maryland, in American Com- 

 monwealths Series ; Richardson's Sidelights on 

 Maryland History. 



Related Subjects. The following articles in 

 these volumes will furnish further information as 

 to the geography and life of Maryland : 



Annapolis 

 Baltimore 

 Cumberland 



CITIES 



Frederick 

 Hagerstown 



HISTORY 



Baltimore, Lord Grandfather's Clause 



Barbara Frietchie Mason and Dixon's Line 



Claiborne's Rebellion Ordinance of 1787 



LEADING PRODUCTS AND INDUSTRIES 



Apple Peach 



Coal Poultry 



Corn Strawberry 



Dairying Tobacco 



Fish Wheat 

 Oyster 



WATERS 



Chesapeake Bay 

 Potomac 



Susquehanna River 



MARY MAGDALENE, mag'daleen, a de- 

 voted follower of Jesus, born in the village of 

 Magdala, from w r hich she received her name, to 

 distinguish her from the other Marys of the 

 Bible. She is first mentioned by Luke, who 

 names her at the head of the list of Galilean 

 women who seem to have accompanied their 

 Master in most of his ministries. Mary was 

 distinguished as one out of whom Jesus "had 

 cast seven devils," so she was not only im- 

 pelled to follow him through life, but she stood 

 by the Cross at the Crucifixion and was also 

 the first to look upon the risen Lord on the 

 Resurrection morning. She was not "the woman 

 who was a sinner," mentioned in Luke VII, 37. 



MARY STU'ART (1542-1587), better known 

 as MARY, QUEEN OF SCOTS, has been called "the 

 most beautiful, the weakest, the most attractive 

 and most attracted of women." Her life story 

 is one of the tragedies of history. She was the 

 daughter of James V of Scotland and Mary of 

 Guise, who belonged to a powerful and noble 

 French family. The princess was only a week 

 old when her father died, but she was at once 



proclaimed queen of Scotland. At the age of 

 six she was sent to France to be educated, and 

 there, ten years later, she was married to the 

 young French dauphin, who came to the throne 

 in 1558 as Francis II. See DAUPHIN. 



Soon after the death of her husband, in 1560, 

 she returned to 

 her native land 

 and began her 

 rule as queen of 

 the Scottish peo- 

 ple. Mary was 

 devoted to Ro- 

 man Catholicism, 

 but she seems to 

 have made no at- 

 tempt at first to 

 oppose the estab- 

 lishment Of Prot- MARY ' Q UEE N OF SCOTS 

 estantism in the country. In 1665, however, 

 she married her cousin, Henry Stuart, famed as 

 Lord Darnley, a young Roman Catholic no- 

 bleman whose rise to power was the signal for 

 a revolt on the part of the powerful Protestant 

 lords of Scotland. The rebellion was quickly 

 suppressed, but in the meantime the queen dis- 

 covered that she had married a worthless profli- 

 gate whose coarseness and unrestrained ambi- 

 tion were equally distasteful to her. 



In March, 1566, Mary's private secretary, 

 David Rizzio, was dragged from her supper 

 room and murdered. Though Darnley was one 

 of the leaders in the outrage, his wife fled with 

 him to Dunbar. Two months later a son, the 

 future James I of England, was born to them. 

 As time passed by the queen and her husband 

 became more and more estranged, and Mary 

 began to show marked attention to James Hep- 

 burn, Earl of Bothwell. Early in 1567, Darnley 

 fell ill and was taken by his wife to Edin- 

 burgh. On the morning of February 10 the 

 house in which he was lodged was blown up 

 by gunpowder and he was killed, a crime which 

 everyone believed was instigated by Bothwell. 

 Whether Mary had any part in it will never 

 be known, but she became the wife of the Earl 

 only three months after the murder. See BOTH- 

 WELL, JAMES HEPBURN. 



The beautiful and misguided queen had made 

 a fatal mistake. The lords of Scotland rose in 

 arms against her, and in 1567 she was forced to 

 abdicate in favor of her infant son. After 

 remaining for nearly a year a prisoner on the 

 island of Lochleven, she succeeded in making 

 her escape and in raising a small army to de- 

 fend her rights. The quick defeat of her forces 



