MASSACHUSETTS 



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MASSACHUSETTS 



mouth, for with its determined insistence upon 

 political freedom there was combined a reli- 

 gious intolerance which seems strange when the 

 reason of the colonists for leaving England is 

 taken into account. It was religious intoler- 

 ance which led to the banishment of Roger 

 Williams (which see) and Anne Hutchinson 

 (which see), and to the founding of Rhode 

 Island and Connecticut; and the same spirit 

 caused persecution of the Quakers and the 

 hanging of several members of that peaceful 

 body, to say nothing of the bitter persecution 

 of the so-called witches. 



But all the troubles of the colony were not 

 internal, for the Indians more than once threat- 

 ened its safety, and were put down only by 

 persistent warfare. 



Later Colonial Days. The struggle with the 

 king over the charter, begun in the early days 

 of the colony's life, continued into the eight- 

 eenth century, and was unchecked even when 

 the colonists were lending their aid to the 

 mother country during the French and Indian 

 wars (which see). It was natural, then, that 

 when dissatisfaction with English methods be- 

 gan to crystallize throughout the colonies into 

 open opposition, Massachusetts should have 

 taken a leading part. The first encounters of 

 the Revolutionary War took place on Massa- 

 chusetts soil, and throughout the war the 

 colony was one of the leaders. In 1780 a state 

 constitution was drawn up, and after the close 

 of the Revolution the new state was one of the 

 first to ratify the Federal Constitution. 



Statehood Days. In the early days of the 

 republic Massachusetts was very strongly Anti- 

 Federalist, but by 1797 it had been won to the 

 Federalists, nor did it change its policy until 

 after the dissolution of that party. Very bitter 

 was the opposition toward the War of 1812, but 

 despite that fact the state furnished its full 

 share of men and money, and especially in 

 naval affairs contributed much toward final 

 success. 



The constitution of the state prohibited 

 slavery, but such passive disapproval did not 

 content the radicals, and Massachusetts became 

 the birthplace of the abolition movement, the 

 first number of William Lloyd Garrison's Lib- 

 erator appearing in Boston on January 1, 1831. 

 True to its principles, the state furnished nearly 

 160,000 soldiers to the Union army, built and 

 equipped many vessels and contributed about 

 30,000 men to the navy. 



The history of the state since the War of 

 Secession has been one of steady growth. Re- 



sources have been developed, and advanced 

 legislation on various subjects has been enacted. 

 Labor questions, because of the multiplicity of 

 industries, have been constantly to the fore, 

 and more than once have been settled only 

 after strikes and rioting have caused great 

 distress. Politically, Massachusetts voted Re- 

 publican on national questions from the close 

 of the War of Secession until 1912, when Wood- 

 row Wilson carried the state by a moderate 

 majority. In 1916 President Wilson failed to 

 carry the state; it gave its vote to the Repub- 

 lican candidate. A.MC c. 



Consult Bacon's Historic Pilgrimages in New 

 England; Drake's On Plymouth Rock; Hale's 

 Story of Massachusetts. 



Related Subjects. The following articles will 

 be of interest in connection with a study of 

 Massachusetts : 



Adams 



Amesbury 



Arlington 



Attleboro 



Beverly 



Boston 



Brcckton 



Brookline 



Cambridge 



Chelsea 



Chicopee 



Clinton 



Danvers 



Dedham 



Easthampton 



Everett 



Fall River 



Fitchburg 



Framingham 



Gardner 



Gloucester 



Greenfield 



Haverhill 



Holyoke 



Lawrence 



Leominster 



Lowell 



Lynn 



Maiden 



Marlboro 



Medford 



Melrose 



Amherst College 

 Boston University 

 Clark University 

 Harvard University 

 Massachusetts Institute 

 of Technology 



CITIES AND TOWNS 



Methuen 

 Milford 

 Natick 

 New Bedford 

 Newburyport 

 Newton 

 North Adams 

 Northampton 

 North Attleboro 

 Northbridge 

 Peabody 

 Pittsfield 

 Plymouth 

 Quincy 

 Revere 

 Salem 

 Saugus 

 Somerville 

 Southbridge 

 Springfield 

 Taunton 

 Wakefield 

 Waltham 

 Watertown 

 Webster 

 Westfield 

 West Springfield 

 Weymouth 

 Winchester 

 Winthrop 

 Woburn 

 Worcester 



EDUCATION 



Radcliffe College 

 Smith College 

 Tufts College 

 Wellesley College 

 Williams College 



Boston Massacre 

 Boston Tea Party 

 King Philip 

 Mayflower 



HISTORY 



Pilgrims 



Plymouth Colony 

 Stamp Act 

 Witchcraft 



