MENNONITES 



3734 



MENSURATION 



MENNONITES, men'onites, a Protestant 

 denomination or sect founded in Zurich, Swit- 

 zerland, in 1525, the name being derived from 

 that of Menno Simons, who preached in Fries- 

 land, in Netherlands. The first Mennonite set- 

 tlement in the United States was made by im- 

 migrants from Holland, who, induced by the 

 offer of religious liberty made by William Penn, 

 settled at Lancaster, Pa., in 1683. Since 1871 

 large numbers of Mennonite immigrants from 

 Southern Russia have settled in Dakota, Kan- 

 sas, Minnesota and Canada. The Church mem- 

 bership is represented in about seventeen states 

 of the Union and in Ontario and the western 

 provinces of Canada, the greater number being 

 in Ohio and Pennsylvania. The total number 

 of communicants is about 57,000, with 736 

 churches and 1,400 ministers. The Church of 

 the Mennonite Brethren of Christ was formed 

 in 1880, being the latest organization of the 

 body of Mennonites, which is now divided 

 among twelve Church branches, which differ 

 somewhat in discipline, doctrine and ritual. 



Consult Krehbiel's Mennonites in North America. 



MENOMINEE, menom'inee, the name of a 

 tribe of North American Indians. The word 

 means wild rice men. They belong to the 

 Algonquian stock and resemble the Ojibways, 

 but have a distinct language of their own. 

 Their home formerly was in Wisconsin and 

 Northern Michigan, and they were found by 

 Nicolet in 1634 at the mouth of the Menominee 

 River. The French established a mission among 

 them in 1670, but during the Revolutionary 

 War and the War of 1812 they aided the Eng- 

 lish. They now live on a reservation near 

 Green Bay, Wis., and number about 1,600. 



MENOMINEE, MICH., one of the most im- 

 portant ports on the Great Lakes for the ship- 

 ment of lumber. It is the county seat of 

 Menominee County, and is situated in the 

 southernmost corner of the Upper Peninsula, 

 and on Green Bay, at the point where it re- 

 ceives the waters of the Menominee River. 

 The city of Green Bay is fifty miles southwest, 

 and Milwaukee is 165 miles south. Marinette, 

 Wis., is on the opposite bank of the river, here 

 spanned by three bridges. Transportation is 

 provided by the Chicago, Milwaukee & Saint 

 Paul, the Chicago & North Western and the 

 Wisconsin & Michigan railroads, and steamers 

 connect with other lake ports. Menominee is 

 a terminus for the car ferries of the Ann Arbor 

 Railroad. 



The location of the city in an extensive lum- 

 ber region mftkes the sawing and shipping of 



lumber the principal industry, and there are 

 manufactories of lumber in all forms. In addi- 

 tion there are factories for making machinery, 

 paper, shoes, beet sugar and stained glass, and 

 packing houses and canneries. Menominee has 

 well-kept parks, fine schools, a public library 

 and museum, the county buildings, Saint Jos- 

 eph's Hospital and the county agricultural col- 

 lege. 



The first settlement was made in 1799 by 

 Louis Chappieu, a French fur trader, and was 

 named for the Menominee Indians, a tribe of 

 the Algonquians. The growth of the place be- 

 gan with the building of the first lumber mill 

 here in 1832; in 1883 the city was incorporated. 

 In 1910 the population was 10,507, and it re- 

 mained practically stationary thereafter. The 

 area of the city exceeds four square miles. 



MENSURATION , men shoo ra ' shun, treats 

 of the measurement of lines, surfaces and solids. 

 A surface has two dimensions, length and width, 

 and its extent is known as its area. Area is 

 expressed in square units. Solids, or bodies 

 with three dimensions, may be measured for 

 volume, which is expressed in cubic units. The 

 measurement of surfaces is made clear by a 

 study of the rectangle, a plane figure having 

 four sides and four right angles. It is the sim- 

 plest form of plant surface. 



The Rectangle. The rectangle represented by 

 Fig. 1 is 12 units long and 4 units wide, and 

 contains 48 square units. There are 12 square 

 units in each row, and there are 4 rows. Look- 

 ing at it from one end, there are 4 square units 



FIG. l 



in one row, and there are 12 rows. If each 

 square represents a square inch, the area of 

 the rectangle is 48 square inches. If each 

 square represents a square foot, the area is 48 

 square feet. 



To find the area of a rectangle ( 1-) Express the 

 length and the width in the same unit of linear 

 measure, inch, foot, yard, etc.; for example, the 

 length is 8 feet and the width is 12 feet. 



(2) Multiply the number of units of length by 

 the number of units of width. The product is 

 the number of square units in the rectangle. 

 These square units correspond to the linear units 

 used in expressing the length and width; for 

 example, 



