MICHIGAN 



3789 



MICHIGAN 



Marie by Father Marquette in 1668. Numer- 

 ous villages were soon established, and Detroit 

 was founded in 1701 by Cadillac. The terri- 

 tory made little progress under French occu- 

 pation, and in 1763, at the close of the French 

 and Indian War, it passed to the English by 

 the Treaty of Paris. The Indians, loyal to the 

 French, rose under Pontiac, massacred the gar- 

 rison at Mackinac Island, then besieged Detroit 

 for over five months, but without success. In 

 1774 the territory was annexed to Quebec, but 

 by the Treaty of Paris in 1783, which closed 

 the Revolutionary War, it passed to the United 

 States. Thereafter for several years the Indians 

 were restless, until they were finally subdued 

 by General Wayne in 1795. 



Made a Separate Territory. Michigan was 

 made a part of the Northwest Territory, then 

 for a time was a part of the territory of Ohio and 

 of Indiana, but w r as made a separate territory 

 in June, 1805, with William Hull as governor. 

 It was the scene of important operations dur- 

 ing the War of 1812. A dispute with Ohio 

 concerning a strip of land along the southern 

 boundary led to what was known as the "To- 

 ledo War" and delayed its admission as a state. 

 Finally, on January 26, 1837, it was admitted 

 as the twenty-sixth state of the Union. 



Its Progress as a State. For a number of 

 years the state was the victim of a spirit of 

 speculation, which retarded its growth. The 

 capital was removed from Detroit to Lansing 

 in 1847. A new constitution was adopted in 

 1850, which remained in force until 1908. Dur- 

 ing the War of Secession Michigan contributed 

 about 93,000 men to the Union armies. Since 

 that time the chief issues in state politics have 

 been the taxation and regulation of corpora- 

 tions. Many counties have been prohibition 

 territory for years, but the voters in 1916 de- 

 creed that the entire state should be "dry" after 

 1918, in advance of the national prohibition 

 amendment. After unsuccessful attempts, the 

 state gave full suffrage to women, beginning 

 with the elections of 1919. O.B. 



Consult Dilla's The Politics of Michigan; Cook's 

 Michigan, Its History and Government; Skinner's 

 The Story of Michigan. 



Related Subjects. Much additional informa- 

 tion will be found by the reader interested in 

 Michigan in the following articles : 



Adrian 

 Alpena 

 Ann Arbor 

 Battle Creek 

 Bay City 



CITIES 



Benton Harbor 



Cadillac 



Detroit 



Escanaba 



Flint 



Grand Rapids 



Hancock 



Holland 



Iron Mountain 



Ironwood 



Ishpeming 



Jackson 



Kalamazoo 



Lansing 



Laurium 



Ludington 



Manistee 



Marquette 



Menominee 



Muskegon 



Negaunee 



Owosso 



Pontiac 



Port Huron 



Saginaw 



Sault Sainte Marie 



Traverse City 



Wyandotte 



Ypsilanti 



HISTORY 



Cadillac, Antoine de la Pontiac 



Mothe Raisin River, Mas- 

 Jesuits sacre of 

 Marquette, Jacques War of 1812 

 Northwest Territory 



LAKES 



Great Lakes, The 



LEADING PRODUCTS 



Apple 



Automobile 



Bean 



Breakfast Foods 



Buckwheat 



Copper 



Corn 



Fish 



Furniture 



Hay 



Iron 



Lumber 



Pea 



Peppermint 



Potato 



Rye 



Salt 



Sugar 



MICHIGAN, LAKE, the third in size of the 

 five Great Lakes of North America, and the 

 largest body of fresh water lying entirely within 

 the boundaries of the United States. It washes 

 the shores of the state of Michigan on the east, 

 of Indiana on the south, of Illinois and Wiscon- 

 sin on the west and of Upper Michigan on the 

 west and north. From north to south it has a 

 length of about 300 miles. The average width 

 is seventy-five miles, the average depth is 870 

 feet and the area is 22,450 square miles. Lake 

 Michigan therefore covers almost the same 

 space as New Hampshire, Massachusetts and 

 Connecticut combined. Its surface is 581 feet 

 above sea level, the same elevation as that of 

 .Lake Huron, and it is twenty-one feet below 

 the surface of Lake Superior, eight feet above 

 that of Lake Erie and 334 feet above that of 

 Lake Ontario. 



It receives the waters of the Saint Joseph, 

 Kalamazoo, Grand, Menominee and other riv- 

 ers, and discharges into Lake Huron through 

 the Strait of Mackinac; hence it is a most im- 

 portant factor in that great waterway of East- 

 ern North America w r hich affords transportation 

 to the Atlantic Ocean for the extensive products 

 of the grain, lumber and mineral regions. It 

 is also the outlet for large rail shipments to the 

 South by way of Chicago, the fourth largest 

 city in the world, on its southwestern shore. 



