MOHAVE 



3875 



MOKI 



On April 27, 1909, he was chosen by the Na- 

 tional Assembly to succeed his brother. Abd- 

 ul-Hamid II, who had been deposed by the 

 "Young Turk" army led by Midhat Pasha, be- 

 cause he failed to introduce reforms as required ' 

 to do by the Treaty of San Stefano. The Cabi- 

 net of the government was reconstructed after 

 the assassination of Grand Vizier Mahmud 

 Shevket Pasha, and the government of Mo- 

 hammed V came into power on January 24, 1913. 

 Mohammed V cast his lot with the Germanic 

 powers in the War of the Nations, entering the 

 conflict in 1915 against France, England and 

 Russia. 



MOHAVE, mohah'vay, a tribe of Indians of 

 notably fine physique and appearance, living 

 along the lower Colorado River in Arizona and 

 California. They cultivate patches of corn, 

 pumpkins, melons and beans and also gather 

 the natural mesquite beans for food. From the 

 river they take a few fish. Their houses are 

 low-walled huts with flat tops, built of brush- 

 like mats between four corner posts. They 

 make and break camp easily and between crops 

 move about at will. They make splendid pot- 

 tery. This and their own bodies they decorate 

 with artistic designs in natural colors. The 

 dead are cremated. The Mohave live on the 

 Colorado River reservation in Arizona. See 

 INDIANS, AMERICAN. 



MO 'HAWK, the oldest, and, during colonial 

 times, the most powerful tribe of the Iroquois 

 confederacy, or Five Nations (see FIVE NA- 

 TIONS). Their territory, when white men 

 first knew them, was along the valley of the 

 Mohawk River, in eastern New York; from 

 there it extended northward to the Saint Law- 

 rence and southward to the east branch of the 

 Susquehanna. Just east of the Mohawk across 

 the Hudson were the Mohican (which see). 

 They were the first tribes to come in contact 

 with the Dutch and English settlers; with these 

 they traded and received firearms in return 

 for pelts. Their central position exposed them 

 to all the waves of warfare during the stormy 

 colonial period, and by 1677 their villages were 

 reduced to five. They joined the British in the 

 American Revolution, and at its close most of 

 them went to Canada, where they were estab- 

 lished by the government on reservations. See 

 INDIANS, AMERICAN. 



MOHAWK, a river of the United States 

 which was regarded as the gateway to the West 

 in the War of Independence. It rises in Lewis 

 County in northern New York, runs nearly 

 southeast to Utica, and after many curves 



enters the Hudson at Cohoes, about nine miles 

 above Albany. It is the largest tributary of 

 the Hudson, with a total length of about 150 

 miles, and its valley is remarkable for fertility 

 and beauty. The Erie Canal runs close 'to it 

 as far as Rome, as do the New York Central 

 and West Shore railroads. It is an important 

 source of water power for numerous manufac- 

 turing industries, having in the upper part of 

 its course rapids and falls which afford excellent 

 motive power. The chief cities along its course 

 are Rome, Utica, Ilion, Little Falls, Herkimer, 

 Fort Plain, Canajoharie, Fonda, Amsterdam, 

 Schenectady, Albany, Mechanicsville and Co- 

 hoes. 



The Mohawk Valley was the home of the 

 Mohawk and other Indian tribes, as well as the 

 headquarters of the Five Nations (which see), 

 and the atrocious massacres of Cherry Valley 

 and Schoharie occurred there. At the outbreak 

 of the Revolutionary War an effort was made 

 by both English and Americans to secure pos- 

 session of it, and the valley was the scene of 

 many battles. 



MOHICAN, mohe'kan, or MAHICAN, one 

 of the most powerful tribes of the Algonquian 

 family, who dwelt along the Hudson River in 

 New York. They were bitter enemies of the 

 Mohawk (which see), with whom they were in 

 almost constant warfare, and whose attacks 

 led them to move their council fire to the site 

 of the present Stockbridge, Mass. Gradually 

 losing their tribal identity, a remnant, known 

 as the Stockbridge Indians, are now settled 

 upon a reservation near Green Bay, Wis. The 

 Mohicans were renowned fighters, resorting to 

 craftiness and deceit, fighting from ambush and 

 in the dark rather than in the open. Cooper 

 has told their thrilling story in The Last of the 

 Mohicans. They were a well-built people, 

 strong and wiry. Their curious houses, some- 

 times 180 feet long and nearly twenty feet 

 wide, were made by planting two parallel rows 

 of saplings, whose tops were bent over to form 

 the roof, the outside being covered with split 

 poles and bark. 



A closely-related tribe, the Mohegan, whose 

 name is a dialectic form of Mohican, lived in 

 Connecticut along the Thames River. By 

 treaty with the English they were allowed to 

 remain in their old home, but intermarriage 

 with negroes and whites became so common 

 among them that not a full-blooded Mohegan 

 remains. 



MOKI, mo ke, a name sometimes applied to 

 the Hopi Indians (which see). 



