MORAVIAN BRETHREN 



3946 



MORELIA 



work in such distant places as Alaska and Green- 

 land, and among such unfortunate beings as 

 lepers. Few of this sect are to be found in Mo- 

 ravia; the greater part of the inhabitants are 

 at present Roman Catholics. The capital and 

 largest city is Brunn, which has a population of 

 nearly 126,000. In 1912 the crownland had an 

 estimated population of 2,651,300. 



MORAVIAN BRETHREN, a Protestant sect 

 or Church which arose in Moravia and Bohemia 

 after the death of John Huss, a Bohemian re- 

 former (see Huss, JOHN). The first church was 

 established in 1722 by Count Nicholas Zinzen- 

 dorf at Herrnhut, which means "The Lord's 

 Watch." Moravian refugees came to America 

 in 1735 and settled at Savannah, Ga., but in 

 1740 removed to Pennsylvania and founded a 

 settlement in Northampton County, on the Le- 

 high River. They were so energetic that in 

 three months they cleared the ground, built log 

 houses and purchased 500 acres of additional 

 land. Other pioneers came, and on Christmas 

 Eve of that year they celebrated the Lord's 

 Supper and sang a hymn beginning : 



Not Jerusalem ; lowly Bethlehem 

 'Twas that gave us Christ to save us. 



So moved were they by this hymn that by 

 common consent they called the place Bethle- 

 hem, and the church at this place is the mother 

 of all Moravian churches in America. 



The entire body of Moravians is organized 

 into three provinces, German, English and 

 American, the Church being governed from 

 Herrnhut in Saxony by a general synod which 

 meets every ten years. In the United States 

 the total number of communicants is about 21,- 

 000, and there are about 140 churches. Mora- 

 vians are zealous in missionary work and noted 

 for earnest piety. Their religion does not dif- 

 fer from that of other Protestant churches in 

 main points of Christian doctrine. 



MOR'DANTS, the name given to compounds 

 which unite chemically with dyestuffs to pro- 

 duce a permanent color, especially in the dye- 

 ing of wool and silk goods. In some cases, how- 

 ever, as in lake dyes, the action is mechanical 

 rather than chemical. The chief mordants are 

 solutions of iron, aluminum and tin salts and 

 tannic acid. Calico patterns are first printed 

 with a mordant which will combine with the 

 proper color when immersed in'the dye, leaving 

 the rest of the cloth unaffected. 



MOR'DEN, a town of Manitoba, situated in 

 Lisgar County, on Dead Horse Creek and on 

 the Canadian Pacific and Great Northern rail- 

 ways, eighty-two t miles southwest of Winnipeg. 



The chief manufactures are flour, lumber and 

 machinery. The town contains a number of 

 grain elevators. Morden is the center of the 

 southern judicial land titles and surrogate court 

 districts. Among its public buildings are a fine 

 post office, completed in 1915, a courthouse and 

 jail of the most modern type, erected at a cost 

 of $35,000, a hospital and nurses' home. A 320- 

 acre Dominion experimental fruit farm is near 

 by. The town owns its electric light plant. 

 Population in 1911, 1,130; in 1916, about 1,500. 

 MORE, SIB THOMAS (1478-1535), a lord chan- 

 cellor of England and the author of the cele- 

 brated Utopia. Educated at Oxford, he entered 

 Parliament and quickly showed an independent 

 spirit by opposing certain grants of money to 

 Henry VII. His scruples cost him the royal 

 favor, and he left Parliament not to return to 

 public life until the accession of Henry VIII. 



More sympathized cordially with the tolerant 

 attitude which the new king adopted towards 

 the Roman CatA<Mic Church, and this fact, to- 

 gether with his conspicuous gifts, marked him 

 for a post of authority. On the fall of Wolsey, 

 he became chancellor, a post he continued to 

 fill until growing friction with his royal master 

 led him to resign the office. He could not con- 

 ceal his disapproval of Henry's treatment of 

 Catharine of Aragon (which see), neither was 

 he prepared to accept the king's rupture with 

 the Church of Rome a rupture brought about 

 by the refusal of the Pope to sanction the di- 

 vorce from Catharine. The king's vengeance 

 pursued More into private life. He was charged 

 with high treason and cast into the Tower of 

 London. His eloquent plea in defense of his 

 acts was unavailing, and he met death on the 

 scaffold with characteristic fortitude on July 

 6, 1535. 



More knew and was esteemed by the most 

 eminent men of his generation, including the 

 great Erasmus. The nobility of his spirit lives 

 for us to-day in the Utopia, a stirring vision of 

 an ideal commonwealth that has inspired many 

 later humanitarian dreamers. 



MORELIA, mora'lyah, the capital of the 

 state of Michoacan, Mexico, situated about 130 

 miles northwest of the city of Mexico, and 

 6,314 feet above sea level. Valladolid was the 

 original name of the city, but in 1828 it was 

 changed to Morelia, in honor of Morelos, a 

 Mexican patriot and soldier. There are many 

 impressive public buildings, cathedrals and li- 

 braries, the aggregate number of volumes in the 

 latter being estimated at 70,000. Cotton and 

 woolen goods, palm hats, sugar, pulque and 



