MORGAN 



3947 



MORGAN 



cheese are manufactured, and the city also pro- 

 duces a high-grade candy from the fruits of the 

 district. Population, 1910, 40,000. 



MORGAN, SIR HENRY (1635-1688), an Eng- 

 lish buccaneer, or sea robber, who ravaged a 

 great part of tropical America. He was born in 

 Llanrhynny, Wales, and at an early age shipped 

 as a sailor for Barbados, from there working his 

 way to Jamaica, where he joined the crew of a 

 pirate vessel. By 1663 he was master of his 

 own ship and was sent to Cuba by the lieuten- 

 ant-governor of Jamaica, soon acquiring fame 

 by daring attacks on Central America and West 

 Indian towns. He captured Maracaibo in 1669 

 and put the inhabitants to torture, and a year 

 later ravaged the coasts of both the mainland 

 and Cuba. In 1671 he plundered the city of 

 Panama, and then returned to Jamaica. After 

 peace had been declared between England and 

 Spain in 1672 he was sent a prisoner to Eng- 

 land, but managed to secure vindication for his 

 acts, and in 1674 was sent back to Jamaica as 

 commander-in-chief of the British forces in the 

 colony. 



MORGAN, JOHN HUNT (1825-1864), an 

 American military commander, leader of a com- 

 pany of Confederate soldiers known as "Mor- 

 gan's Raiders," who figured in many daring ex- 

 peditions during the War of Secession. He was 

 born in Huntsville, Ala. During the war with 

 Mexico he served under General Taylor, with 

 the rank of lieutenant, but joined the Confed- 

 erate army on the outbreak of the War of Se- 

 cession. In this conflict he attracted wide no- 

 tice as captain of a band of volunteer cavalry, 

 when he began a series of raids which destroyed 

 public property, railroad trains, military sup- 

 plies and bridges. A spectacular "Christmas 

 Raid" in Kentucky, in 1862, won him a vote of 

 thanks from the Confederate Congress. 



The following year, hoping to draw off Gen- 

 eral Rosecrans from his Tennessee campaign, 

 Morgan crossed the Ohio River and devastated 

 several towns in Ohio and Indiana. Driven out 

 of these states, he attempted to join Lee in 

 Pennsylvania, but in July, 1863, was captured 

 and placed in the penitentiary at Columbus, O. 

 The following November he escaped and re- 

 sumed his career of guerrilla warfare, but was 

 defeated in Kentucky. Having retreated to 

 Greenville, Tenn., he was surrounded by Fed- 

 eral troops while resting in a farmhouse, and 

 was shot while attempting to escape. 



MORGAN, JOHN PIERPONT (1837-1913), the 

 greatest financier that America has produced. 

 He was born at Hartford, Conn., received an 



J. PIERPONT MORGAN 



excellent education in the English High School 

 of Boston and at the University of Gottingen, 

 Germany, and at twenty began work in a bank- 

 ing house in New York City. He early per- 

 ceived great opportunities for a banking sys- 

 tem that could 

 finance the vast 

 industrial projects 

 of America, and 

 from the time he 

 became a member 

 of Drexel, Mor- 

 gan & Company 

 in 1871 his chief 

 aim was the per- 

 fecting of such a 

 system. He ul- 

 timately r e o r - 

 ganized the above 

 firm into the house of J. P. Morgan & Com- 

 pany, and aided more than any other. man in 

 America in giving financial strength to railways 

 and in consolidating industrial corporations. 

 His executive ability and his credit were such 

 that he was intrusted with the complete sale 

 of the $62,000,000 United States bond issue 

 during Cleveland's administration, was given 

 entire charge of American subscriptions to the 

 British war loan of $50,000,00*0 in 1901, re- 

 peatedly aided in the financial affairs of China 

 and Japan, and organized and disposed of the 

 complete securities of the United States Steel 

 Corporation, amounting to $1,100,000,000. Dur- 

 ing the last year of his life his policies were 

 severely criticized by Congressmen and other 

 government officials, and the resulting inquiry 

 seemed to increase a nervous trouble with which 

 he was afflicted. He went for rest to Rome 

 and died there very suddenly. 



His gifts to education and charity were large, 

 among them being $1,500,000 to the Lying-in 

 Hospital in New York, large amounts to trade 

 schools and to the Cathedral of Saint John the 

 Divine of that city, frequent sums of money to 

 the University of the South at Sewanee, Tenn., 

 and numerous valuable pictures, statues, books 

 and specimens to American libraries and muse- 

 ums, especially the Metropolitan Museum of 

 Art, New York City, to which he gave works 

 valued at more than a million dollars. 



John Pierpont Morgan (1867- ), son of the 

 above, was born in New York and educated at 

 Harvard University. After being graduated 

 from Harvard he entered the firm of J. P. Mor- 

 gan & Company, New York, and the firm of 

 Morgan, Grenfell & Company, London. He 



