MORLEY 



3949 



MORMONS 



Morin administration, for the express purpose 

 of carrying through the long-delayed reforms. 

 In 1855, shortly after the changes were made, 

 Morin resigned on account of failing health, 

 and accepted the less arduous position of a 

 judge of the superior court of Quebec. He re- 

 mained on the bench until a few months before 

 his death. 



MORLEY, HENRY (1822-1894), an English 

 essayist and editor, bora in London. He was 

 educated at a Moravian school in Germany and 

 at King's College, London, and, after practic- 

 ing medicine a brief time, established a school 

 on Moravian methods at Manchester and later 

 at Liverpool. Some ironical papers, entitled 

 How to Make Home Unhealthy, received favor- 

 able attention from Charles Dickens and he in- 

 duced Morley to aid him in editing the maga- 

 zine, Household Words. From that time his 

 energies were devoted to writing and editing, 

 among his most successful works being Lives, 

 A Defense of Ignorance, English Writers (11 

 volumes), A First Sketch of English Litera- 

 ture and English Literature in the Reign of 

 Victoria. .He edited a library of English Litera- 

 ture, the famous Universal Library and Cassell's 

 National Library. As a critic and a scholar he 

 was defective, but he had excellent taste and 

 the knack of popularizing scholarly subjects. 



MORLEY, JOHN, First Viscount Morley of 

 Blackburn (1838- ), an English author and 

 statesman, born at Blackburn, Lancashire. He 

 was graduated from Oxford, and in 1859 was ad- 

 mitted to the bar. Soon afterward he entered 

 on a long period 

 of professional au- 

 thorship, serving 

 successively as ed- 

 itor of the Liter- 

 ary Gazette, the 

 Fortnightly Re- 

 view, the Pall 

 Mall Gazette and 

 M acmillan' s 

 Magazine. In the 

 meantime he pro- 

 duced an excellent 

 Life of Edmund 

 Burke and a Life 

 of Richard Cob- 

 den. In 1883 he was sent to Parliament, and 

 three years later was made secretary for Ire- 

 land under Gladstone. He was several times 

 reflected to the House, and distinguished him- 

 self as one of the leaders of the liberal party. 

 Under Sir Henry Campbell-Bannerman he was 



JOHN MORLEY 

 (Viscount Morley of Black- 

 burn.) 



in 1905 made secretary of state for India, and 

 this post he retained under Asquith, being trans- 

 ferred, however, in 1908 from the House of 

 Commons to the House of Lords, as Viscount 

 Morley of Blackburn. He was Lord President 

 of the Council for three years, resigning in 1914. 

 Among his works, besides those named above, 

 are Voltaire, Rousseau, Diderot and the Ency- 

 clopaedists; Oliver Cromwell, and an unusually 

 sympathetic Life of Gladstone. His Life of 

 Burke appears in the " English Men of Letters" 

 series, of which he was chief editor. 



MORMONS, mawr'munz, officially called 

 THE CHURCH OF JESUS CHRIST OF LATTER-DAY 

 SAINTS, is a religious sect founded by Joseph 

 Smith in 1830 and now numbering over 500,000 

 adherents in various parts of the world. A ma- 

 jority of the members live in Utah, which is 

 practically a Mormon state, but there are large 

 numbers in Idaho, Wyoming, Colorado, Arizona 

 and other states. Prosperous Mormon colonies 

 have been established -in Mexico, the Sandwich 

 Islands, Australia, New Zealand and Canada. 

 Some Mormons live in every civilized nation 

 on the globe. 



Doctrines of the Church. The Mormons, it 

 must be understood, are a Christian sect. They 

 believe in God and Jesus Christ, and in Joseph 

 Smith, as a modern Prophet. They believe 

 that God sent no message to man from the 

 time of Christ and his apostles until his revela- 

 tion to Joseph Smith. The Bible is accepted 

 as the gospel, but is supplemented by the Book 

 of Mormon and by revelation through the 

 president of the Church. 



The salvation of man is possible, according 

 to Mormon doctrine, only through belief in 

 Christ's atonement, repentance for sin, and 

 baptism for the remission of sin. Baptism is 

 by immersion and is the necessary preparation 

 for the Holy Ghost, which is received through 

 the laying-on of hands by the duly authorized 

 priesthood of the Church. The Mormons also 

 believe that all baptisms from the days of 

 Christ's apostles to the time of Joseph Smith 

 are void. Friends of the dead, however, may 

 be baptized in their stead, and in this way 

 George Washington, Benjamin Franklin and 

 others have been received into the Church. 

 Infant baptism is not practiced, Mormons con- 

 sidering the age of accountability as eight years, 

 when they are baptized. 



The Mormon beliefs in regard to marriage 

 have been more widely discussed and misunder- 

 stood than any other feature of their creed. 

 According to the revelation on this subject, all 



