MORPHOLOGY 



MORRIS 



for skilled physicians to restore victims of the 

 habit to normal conditions. For medicinal 

 purposes, morphine is usually administered in 

 fluid form by hypodermic injection and is 

 readily absorbed by the system. It is also a 

 powerful emetic, and is an important principle 

 in opium. It will crystallize in brilliant, color- 

 less, odorless prisms. See NARCOTIC. 



MORPHOLOGY, morjol'oji, the branches of 

 biological and botanical science which deal with 

 form and structure of animals and plants. 

 It investigates the development of animal and 

 plant forms, rather than their uses, studies the 

 1 fe history of the organism as a whole and also 

 of its separate organs, and traces the resem- 

 blances and differences between different forms. 

 In the study of botany morphology is some- 

 times spoken of as structural botany (see Bor- 

 - ? udy of animal structure is the 

 foundation of the science of physiology. It is 

 by means of morphology that the material is 

 obtained for all true systems of classification 

 and arrangement. 



The term was first employed by Goethe, and 

 is from the Greek, morphe, meaning form, and 

 logos, which means doctrine. He was the first 

 raw attention to the relations in form pre- 

 sented by living beings. Haeckel's work on the 

 science of morphology is the most famous book 

 on the subject. 



MORRIS, CLARA (1849- ), a celebrated 

 -- who for many years stood, among 

 women, i-ruetirally at the head of her profes- 

 sion. She was born in Toronto, Canada, but at 

 an early age commenced her .-tap the 



Cnited States, as a member of a ballet. Her 

 success in such plays as L' Article 47, Camille 

 and Tin \ tr Mmjilnltn won for IHT .-m envi- 

 reputation. In 1871 she married, and in 

 ' life is known as MRS. F. C. HARRIOT. 

 r 1885 her long tours were infrequent, and 

 to writing. Stories 



of children and of the stage are among her im- 



orts. A revival of The Two 



ll-star cast, brought her a. 



hli( in 1904. She lives on the 



: . a few miles north of New York 



MORRIS, GOUVERNEUR (1752-1816), an 

 not and statesman, who assisted 

 in drift Mm the Tnited States Constitution. He 

 was born at Morrisania, N. Y.. and wa pi 

 i from K; e, now Columbia Uni- 



ty, in 176S. After graduation he t*ti 

 hw ind m 1771 was admitted to 



he was elected from Wcst- 



',' 



GOUVERXEUR MORRIS 



Chester County to the provincial congress of 

 New York, and in 1776 helped to draft the 

 constitution of New York State. From 1777 

 to 1780 he served in the Continental Congress, 

 and in 1781 was 

 appointed assist- 

 ant superintend- 

 ent of finance 

 under Robert 

 Morris, who 

 rendered invalu- 

 able assistance in 

 financing t h e 

 Revolutionary 

 War. 



As a delegate 

 to the Constitu- 

 tional Convention of 1787 he was actively on 

 the side of Alexander Hamilton, and to him i^ 

 due the chief credit for the literary form of the 

 Constitution. Morris was appointed minister to 

 France in 1792 by President Washington, and 

 from 1800 to 1803 held a seat in the United 

 States Senate. In 1810 he became chairman of 

 the Erie Canal Commission. He published 

 pamphlets on taxation and currency and also 

 wrote political satires for newspapers. His life, 

 written by Theodore Roosevelt, was published 

 in the "American Statesmen Series" in 1888. 

 A great-grandson, who bears his name, is a 

 widely-known magazine writer of short, popular 

 stories. (See below.) 



Gouverneur Morris (1876- ), a writer of 

 dcver short stories and novels, whose charac- 

 terizations are taken principally from the 

 wealthy leisure class. His literary style is deli- 

 cate and bright, and his works are frequently 

 illustrated by Howard Chandler Christy or 

 J. C. Leyendceker. His home is in New York 

 City ; he comes of an old influential New York 

 family, and is the great-grandson of Gouver- 

 neur Morris, one of the leading Revolutionary 

 statesmen. He was graduated from Yale in 

 1898 and since then h:. 1 his time to 



'y production. 



MORRIS, ROBERT (1734-1806), was born in 

 rpool, England, but when a young man he 

 < migrated to the English colonies in America 

 and became famous as a tinannrr of the Revo- 

 lutionary period. He gave large sums of money 

 to the government and risked great personal 

 loss in the cause of his country. Through his 

 financial assistance -paign of 1781 be- 



came possible, resulting in the capture of York- 

 town. He wai a ' Continental 

 Congress in 1775 and signed the Declaration of 



