MULE DEER 



3097 



MULLER 



ally dull-brown in color. It is long lived, 

 almost immune from disease, is able to live 

 under poor fare, and it endures harsh treat- 

 ment with fortitude. Being agile and sure- 

 footed, it is useful as a pack animal in moun- 

 tainous countries. It is extensively bred in 

 Texas, Missouri, Mexico, Spain, France and 

 Northwest India. Particularly valuable service 

 has been rendered in the breeding of mules at 



the treatment of coughs, nervous irritations 

 and inflammatory pains. In early times the 

 stalk was used for a wick and dipped into tal- 

 low. These candles were known as hag-dips. 



FINE TYPE OF HEAVY MULE 



the Mississippi Agricultural Experiment Sta- 

 tion, but probably the most famous mules in 

 the world are those bred in Missouri. The 

 allied powers of England, Russia and France 

 bought many thousand Missouri mules for 

 'service in the War of the Nations after the 

 autumn of 1914. 



The total number of mules in America was 

 about 4,500,000 in 1916. The cotton and sugar 

 plantations of the South utilize large numbers. 

 The price of a mule may be as high as $300, 

 although the average is below that sum. 



MULE DEER, a deer of North America, so 

 called because of its very large, furry ears. Be- 

 fore civilization spread to the Pacific, it might 

 be seen in any of the open regions of the west- 

 ern part of the continent, but to-day its range 

 is limited. It is about three feet, four inches 

 high at the shoulder, has a yellowish coat and 

 high, branching antlers. 



MULLEIN, mul'in, or MULLEN, mul'tn. 

 the name of a group of plants containing about 

 100 species, three of which are seen in the 

 United States common, white and moth mul- 

 lein. The plant grows as a weed throughout 

 country ( and has a stalky, tall stem, ending 

 in a spike of bright yellow flowers. The plant 

 sometimes reaches a height of seven feet, but 

 two to three feet is the usual growth. The 

 M an thick and rough, and the whole plant 

 is covered with downy hair. From mullein is 

 made a medicine which is used sometimes in 



MULLEIN 

 At left, common mul- 

 lein ; at right, moth 

 mullein. 



MULLENS, PRISCILLA, a Puritan maiden, one 

 of the Mayflower passengers, whose romantic 

 story is linked with that of John Alden (which 

 see). See, also, MAYFLOWER, for list of passen- 

 gers. 



MULLER, mii'ler, FRIEDRICH MAX (1823- 

 1900), a German scholar and writer, prob- 

 ably the greatest authority of his time on the 

 world's languages. He was born at Dessau, in 

 the duchy of Anhalt, and there he received his 

 early education, 

 but in 1836 he 

 went to Leipzig, 

 where he took his 

 degree and began 

 the study of San- 

 skrit. He settled 

 permanently in 

 England in 1846 

 and the next year 

 was commissioned 

 by the East India 

 Company to edit 

 the Rig-Veda, a 

 history of Sanskrit literature. In 1854 he be- 

 came professor of modern languages at Oxford, 

 a position he held until 1875, during which time 

 he published treatises on the science of lan- 

 guage. His greatest single work was a transla- 

 tion called The Sacred Books of the East. 

 Other published works included Chips from a 

 German Workshop and The Origin and Growth 

 of Religion. 



MULLER 



