MUSK 



4033 



MUSKELLUNGE 



Ocarina Trumpet 



Organ Viol 



Piano Violin 



Piccolo Violoncello 



Saxophone Xylophone 



Tambourine Zither 



Trombone 



See, also, the article ORCHESTRA, for illustra- 

 tion of instruments used. 



MUSK, an oily, strong-smelling substance 

 obtained from the musk deer (which see). Be- 

 cause of its powerful and enduring odor it is 

 used extensively in compounding perfumes. 

 True musk is rare and has many commercial 

 substitutes. An odor resembling musk is found 

 in several animals and in a few species of 

 plants, and artificial musk has been produced 

 by a combination of chemical elements. The 

 most valuable variety, called tong-king, is im- 

 ported from China. The secretion is dried, re- 

 duced to a brownish powder, and exported in 

 small lead- or tin-lined boxes. Musk is also 

 used in medicine as a stimulant. 



MUSK DEER, a small, clumsy deer found in 

 tin- higher Himalayas, parts of Tibet and Si- 

 beria. It has no antlers; two large, tusklike 

 teeth overhang the lower lip. Instead of rang- 

 ing in herds, as does the ordinary deer, the lit- 

 tle musk deer roams about alone and only at 

 niglr rv timid and for that reason diffi- 



.rult to hunt. The musk deer is pursued for the 

 tiny musk pouch found on the males, from 

 which comes the musk that is used in per- 

 fumery and medicine. See MUSK. 



MUSKEGON, MICH., the county seat of 

 Muskegon County, is situated on the Lake 

 ligan shore of the state, at the mouth of 

 Muskegon River. Grand Rapids is thirty-nine 

 miles southeast, and Detroit is 196 miles dis- 

 tant, also southeast. Chicago is 189 miles 

 southwest by rail and 110 miles by water. 

 Transportation is provided by the Pere Mar- 

 qucttc, the Grand Rapids & Indiana and Grand 

 Trunk railroads, and an interurban line. Lake 

 steamers connect with all important lake ports 

 throughout the year, and then- are daily sail- 

 ings to Chicago. The population increased 

 from 24,062 in 1910 to 26,100 (Federal esti- 

 mate) in 1916; Scandinavians and Dutch cora- 

 pri*" e per cent of the foreign bora, 



area exceeds six square miles. 



Muskegon is the largest city on the eastern 

 re of Lak. M ,,d has the largest 



harbor on that sh<> ;on of two 



dams in the river has greatly increased the in- 

 dustrial activities of the city; tin- loading 

 manufactures are motors and billiard-room and 

 253 



office furniture, the factories employing about 

 5,000 people. Other products are paper, elec- 

 tric cranes, knit goods, boots and pianos; and 

 these, with lumber, fruit, celery and farm prod- 

 ucts, comprise the chief articles of an extensive 

 trade. Through the generosity of Charles H. 

 Hackley the city has a fine art gallery, a public 

 library, a gymnasium, a manual training school, 

 an endowed hospital, a public square, a soldiers' 

 monument and some handsome bronze statues; 

 some of the city's institutions bear his name. 

 The Federal building was erected in 1907 at a 

 cost of $60,000. Large numbers of visitors are 

 annually attracted to Muskegon for the charm- 

 ing scenery and the boating, fishing and bath- 

 ing facilities of the vicinity. McGraft Park of 

 forty-seven acres and Hackley Park are the 

 city-'s recreation grounds. 



Muskegon was settled in 1834, but a trading 

 post was established here as early as 1812. The 

 village was incorporated in 1861, and a city 

 charter was granted in 1870. Before 1890 the 

 city was noted as one of the largest lumber- 

 producing cities in the world, but no mills are 

 now in operation. P.P.S. 



MUSKELLUNGE, muskchlunj (accent first 

 or third syllable), a magnificent game fish, the 

 largest of its family, often reaching a length of 

 eight feet and a weight of 100 pounds or more. 

 Its general form is that of the common pike; 



*.; 



THE MUSKELLUNOE 



in color it is dark-gray, having on its sides 

 round, blackish spots of a varying MM on a 

 background of silvery-gray. Thr muskrllunge 



ore commonly found in lakes Michigan and 

 Erie, but is native to all the lakes of the North- 

 . in United States, to the upper Saint Lawrence 

 R.ver and to the lakes of Western Canada I 

 is considered one of the best food fishes, even 

 equaling the black and striped bass. The usual 



hod of capture is by trolling, in \\h 

 heavy hook, stout line and live bait are used; 



fish is abundantly able to try the skill of 

 th. most expert angler. 



