NAVY 



NAZIMOVA 





Related Subject*. The following articles in 

 these volumes are closely related to the above : 

 Admiral Naval Schools of 



Admiralty Instruction 



Army Privateer 



Blockade Rank in Army and Navy 



Commodore Submarine 



Gunboat Submarine Mine 



ne Corps 'Torpedo 



il Academy, United Torpedo Boat 

 . tes War of the Nations 



Naval Observatory Warship 



l Reserve 



NAVY, DEPARTMENT OF THE, the executive 

 department of the United States government 

 which has complete charge of the navy. Naval 

 affairs were under the control of the Secretary 

 of War until 1798, when a separate department 

 was organized. At its head is a member of the 

 Cabinet, called the Secretary of the Navy, who 

 is appointed by, and holds office at the pleasure 

 of, the President. George Bancroft and Gideon 

 Wells are the most distinguished of the men 

 who have held this office. To help the Secre- 

 tary in his task of general supervision there is 

 one assistant secretary, whose most important 

 duties cover such subjects as naval stations in 

 the island possessions, the marine corps, and the 

 building of ships in navy yards. 



The work of the department is further di- 

 vided among a number of bureaus and special 

 officers. The heads of the bureaus are ap- 

 pointed by the President nominally for four 

 years, and during their term of office rank as 

 rear-admirals, although they may not actually 

 reached that grade. The names of the bu- 

 reaus explain the subjects over which they have 

 control yards and docks, equipment, naviga- 

 tion, ordnance, construction and repair, steam 

 engineering, medicine and surgery, and supplies 

 and accounts. Most of the bureau heads are 

 called chiefs, but the surgeon-general is in 

 charge of the bureau of medicine and surgery, 

 and the paymaster-general, of the bureau of 

 supplies and accounts. The office of the juln- 

 advocatc general is independent of the bureaus, 

 and its head has charge of courts-martial, spe- 

 mquiries and legal matters generally relat- 

 ing to the drpartm : of navigation, 

 among other duties, has charge of the Naval 

 Academy at Annapolis and the war college at 

 Newport; and the chief of equipments has 

 nominal supervision of the naval observatory 

 and the hydrography bureau, which prepares 

 charts and maps. These numerous officials in 

 practice constitute an advisory board for the 

 Secretary of the Navy, but he occasionally dis- 

 regards their suggestions. W.F.Z. 



For the organization of the navy itself, see 

 NAVT. For the relative importance of a United 

 States Cabinet officer, see CABINET. 



NAZ'ARETH, a town in ancient Galilee, 

 where Jesus spent his early youth. It was a 

 small town, because of the limited water sup- 

 ply; there was but one spring in the entire vil- 

 lage. There is no mention of Nazareth in the 

 Old Testament, which proves that the town was 

 little known, and Nathanael expressed the gen- 

 eral contempt and depreciation of the time 

 when he asked, "Can there any good thing 

 come out of Nazareth?" (John I, 46). 



For some centuries after Christ, Nazareth 

 continued to be obscure, but about A. D. 600 it 

 became a place of pilgrimage. The present 

 town, called En Nasira, has a population of 

 approximately 11,000 far in excess of that of 

 Biblical times and contains the Latin church 

 of the Annunciation, on the supposed site of 

 Mary's house. 



NAZARITE, naz'aritc, the name given in 

 Biblical times, and in the first few centuries 

 after Christ, to men or women who consecrated 

 themselves to God. The Nazarite might set 

 his own term of consecration, during which he 

 was not to drink wine, shave or touch a dead 

 thing. At the expiration of his vow, the Naza- 

 rite made sacrifices, shaved, burned his hair, 

 and might again drink wine. Beside these tem- 

 porary Nazarites, there were Nazarites for life. 

 John the Baptist was made a Nazarite at his 

 birth, and Samuel and Samson, in the Old 

 Testament, were lifelong Nazarites. The word 

 is derived from the Hebrew verb nazir, mean- 

 ing to consecrate. 



NAZIMOVA, naze 1 mo va, ALLA (1879- ), 

 a Russian emotional actress who has achieved 

 her great tri- 

 umphs in Ibsen's 

 plays. She was 

 born at Yalta in 

 the Crimea. 

 When twelve 

 years of age she 

 '1 the Con- 

 servatory at 

 Saint Petersburg 

 (now Petrograd), 



to rtudy the vio- NAZ1MO VA 



1m, but later chose 



a dramatic career. She made her debut in 

 London in 1905 in a Russian play, The Chosen 



People, which fir-t brought her talents before 

 ili.' Imrlish-epeaking world. Although the lan- 

 guage was practically unknown to her, in M i.\ . 



