NEVADA 



4132 



NEVADA 



by the nations engaged in war. The formula- 

 tion of these rights and duties constitutes one 

 of the most important divisions of international 

 law, which concerns itself with denning relations 

 between nations. 



All duties of neutrals rest upon the principle 

 that no direct military assistance shall be ren- 

 dered to belligerent nations; it must not allow 

 its territory to become in any way a base of 

 operations against either, as would be the case 

 if the passage of troops across it were permit- 

 It must not allow ships of the contending 

 powers the protection of its ports, save for a 

 limited time, or to make necessary repairs. 

 However, if soldiers of one belligerent, to es- 

 cape the enemy, enter the territory of the neu- 

 tral, they will be granted protection, though 

 they become virtually prisoners of war in charge 

 of the neutral until the close of hostilities. 



One of the most important rights of a neutral 

 is that of transporting merchandise, even though 

 belonging to one of the warring nations, in ships 

 under its neutral flag, safe from capture by the 

 enemy's ships, provided the goods in passage 

 are not such as would assist warlike operations. 

 But belligerent ships have the right to detain 

 and search neutral vessels suspected of carry- 

 ing forbidden goods; if such are found, the 

 goods themselves are confiscated, and in some 

 cases, the ship and entire cargo are included. 

 A neutral nation is not bound to prevent the 

 transport of forbidden goods by the ships of its 

 citizens or subjects, but it must acquiesce in 

 the loss that may devolve upon the owners of 

 the ship in case of capture. 



That "history repeats itself" is a time-worn 

 adage. Neutrality agreements have been broken 



since men have first disagreed; the earliest re- 

 corded version of an interesting violation is 

 found in the book of Numbers (XXI; 21), 

 and is remarkably similar to the experience of 

 Belgium in the War of the Nations, in 1914, 

 nearly 3,400 years later: 



And Israel sent messengers unto Sihon, king 

 of the Amorites, saying, 



Let me pass through thy land : we will not turn 

 Into the fields, or Into the vineyards ; we will not 

 drink of the waters of the well: but we will go 

 along by the king's highway until we be past thy 

 borders. 



And Sihon would not suffer Israel to pass 

 through his border: but Sihon gathered all his 

 people together, and went out against Israel into 

 the wilderness : and he came to Jahaz, and fought 

 against Israel. 



And Israel smote him with the edge of the 

 sword, and possessed his land F.ST.A. 



Consult Fenwick's Neutrality Laws of the 

 United States; Wicker's Neutralization; Moore's 

 American Diplomacy, Its Spirit and Achievement. 



NEVA, ne'va, a short river of Northwestern 

 Russia, the outlet of Lake Ladoga and the "fin- 

 ger lakes." It flows westward from the south- 

 ern end of Lake Ladoga for about forty miles, 

 emptying through a delta into the harbor of 

 Kronstadt, an inlet of the Gulf of Finland. It 

 is on the low, marshy delta of the Neva that 

 Petrograd is built. The stream is very impor- 

 tant as a waterway, being the last link in the 

 Ladoga-Volga system connecting the Baltic and 

 Caspian seas. Though it is very wide and deep 

 in most places and has a great volume of water 

 from the lakes, it was found necessary to con- 

 struct extensive engineering works to make an 

 artificial channel through the shallow waters of 

 the delta. See PETROGRAD. 



[EVADA, nevah' da,' popularly known 

 as the SAGEBRUSH STATE, and one of the Pacific 

 group, is the most arid and most sparsely-set- 

 tled state of the American Union. Its name, 

 originally applied to the snow-capped moun- 



tains of the Pacific slope, is derived from a 

 Spanish word meaning snow clad, and refers to 

 the snowy summits of the state's many moun- 

 tains. The state lies almost entirely within the 

 Great Basin, between the Sierra Nevada i^d 



