NEWARK 



4140 



NEW BEDFORD 



next, dates from 1698, when the first lanyard 

 was estahli>hed here, although shoes were made 

 in Newark as early as 1680. In this city, in 

 1819, Stth Bi>ydrn made the first patent leather 

 manufactured in the United Stat.s. and in 1828 

 he discovered the process for making malle- 

 able iron. Other important manufactures are 

 jewelry, which has been made here since 1801, 

 foundry and machine shop products, cut glass, 

 hats, thread, campaign buttons, paints and var- 

 nish. Slaughtering and meat packing are other 

 important industries. 



History. A small company of Puritans from 

 Milford, Conn., made the first settlement here 

 in 1666, when the place was called Milford. 

 Its present name was chosen in 1667, in honor 

 of the first pastor, Abraham Pierson, whose 

 home was in Newark-on-Trent. The town was 

 incorporated in 1693. Newark was the seat of 

 the College of New Jersey (now Princeton 

 University) from 1748 until 1756, when it was 

 removed to Princeton. In 1776 Washington 

 had his headquarters here. In 1836 the city 

 charter was granted and in the same year New- 

 ark suffered heavy loss by fire, which was fol- 

 lowed by a business panic in 1837. The town- 

 ship of Orange was set off in 1806 and that of 

 Bloomfield in 1812. Vailsburg was annexed in 

 1905. 



NEWARK, OHIO, the county seat of Licking 

 County, situated east of the center of the state, 

 and thirty-three miles east and north of Co- 

 lumbus, the state capital. It is on the Licking 

 River and the Ohio Canal, on the Baltimore & 

 Ohio and the Pittsburgh, Cincinnati, Chicago 

 & Saint Louis railroads, and on electric inter- 

 urbaii lines. The population, which was 25,404 

 in 1910, had increased to 29,635 in 1916 (Fed- 

 eral estimate). The area of the city is about 

 five square miles. 



Newark is situated in a broad valley, sur- 

 rounded on three sides by low hills. It is the 

 site of ancient earthworks of the mound build- 

 ers, including a large circular embankment and 

 remains of fortifications. The prominent fea- 

 tures of the city are the courthouse, public 

 library, Y. M. C. A. building, well-equipped 

 county fair grounds, Buckeye Lake and Mound- 

 builders Park. An appropriation of $190,000 

 has been made (1916) for the new Federal 

 building. At Granville, six miles distant, is 

 Dennison College. Newark has important in- 

 dustrial establishments, including shops of the 

 Baltimore & Ohio Railroad, engine and ma- 

 chine works and large manufactories of stoves, 

 rope, glassware, electric cars, golf sticks, farm- 



ing implements, chemicals, cigars and >1 

 Newark, named after Newark, N. J., was settled 

 in 1801 and was incorporated as a city in 1826. 



NEW BEDFORD, MASS., a city famous for 

 its manufacture of cotton goods, ranking first in 

 the United States in the production of fine 

 cotton yarn. It is a port of entry and one of 

 the county seats of Bristol County, and is situ- 

 ated on the southern coast of the state on the 

 Acushnet River, which below the city widens 

 into a harbor that enters into Buzzard's Bay. 

 The New York, New Haven & Hartford Rail- 

 way and electric lines connect New Bedford 

 with Fall River, Taunton and Boston; the last- 

 named city is fifty-six miles north. Fairhaven, 

 on the opposite side of the harbor, is connected 

 with New Bedford by three bridges, one of 

 which was constructed at a cost of $1,500,000. 

 Steamboats provide transportation for passen- 

 gers to Marthas Vineyard, Nantucket and 

 Woods Hole, and between New York City and 

 New Bedford there is freight steamer service 

 throughout the year and passenger service 

 during the summer. The entrance to the har- 

 bor is defended by Fort Rodman, on Clark's 

 Point. The population in 1910 was 96,652; the 

 state census of 1915 gave an estimate of 114,694, 

 and a Federal estimate in 1916 gave 118,158. 

 The area of the city exceeds nineteen square 

 miles. 



Commerce and Manufacture. For many years 

 New Bedford was one of the most important 

 whaling ports in the world, but with the dis- 

 covery of oil in Pennsylvania the whaling in- 

 dustry declined and the city turned its atten- 

 tion to manufacture. Its present rank as a 

 cotton-manufacturing center is equal to its for- 

 mer rank as a whaling port, and its high-grade 

 Wamsutta muslin and fabrics woven of silk 

 and cotton have made it famous. Nearly 32,- 

 000 people are employed in its fifty cotton 

 mills. Besides cotton goods, New Bedford 

 makes silverware, cut glass, cordage, leather 

 and machinery and it has paint works, lumber 

 mills and oil manufactories. Manufactured 

 products, coal and fish are the principal arti- 

 cles of commerce. Large sums of money have 

 been expended by the Federal government and 

 by the state in improving the harbor and the 

 shipping facilities. 



Buildings and Institutions. New Bedford is 

 an attractive city with good streets, elegant 

 residences and fine buildings, among which are 

 the city hall, post office, the third district 

 courthouse of Bristol County, Masonic Temple, 

 the state armory and some handsome bank 



