NEW BRUNSWICK 



NEW BRUNSWICK 



elevated sections, which are extensions of the 

 Appalachian chain in the United States, the 

 surface is a low, rolling plain, cut by many riv- 

 ers flowing southward or eastward. Nearly the 

 whole of the western half of New Brunswick 

 is drained by the Saint John River. 



Animal and Plant Life. The province has 

 always been famous for its hunting. Game of 

 all kinds, both large and small, is plentiful, but 

 is i by long closed seasons. Large 



game preserves have been established at the 



OUTLINE MAP OF NEW BRUNSWICK 



Showing the boundaries, principal rivers, lead- 

 ing cities, coal deposits and the highest point of 



IM ads of the Miramichi, Tobique and several 

 other rivers. Moose, caribou and deer are still 

 common, as arc wolves, foxes, beavers, mar- 

 tens, skunks, otters, minks, rabbits and squir- 

 rels. Geese, ducks, partridges and other game 

 IMP Is are abundant on the lakes and bays, and 

 tliep- are many song bir<l>. including robins, cat- 

 's orioles, bobolinks, bluebirds and swal- 

 Hawks, owls and kingfishers arc not un- 

 !. and eagles are occasionally seen. The 

 rivi-rs and many small lakes are stocked with 

 salmon, trout, bass and other game fish. The 

 0ea fisheries yield principally lobsters, oysters, 

 l and Him It 



; lant In',-, lik.' the animal life, is abmi- 



but includes no species peculiar to New 

 Brunswick. The abundance of game is di; 



ion of the forests, which still, 

 ;>ite of fire and tin- lumberman, << 



i- most 



I, but is closely pushed by hem- 

 rcli. beech, oak and ash. There 

 my native grasses, flowers and shrubs. 



Agriculture. In spite of a few superficial 

 handicaps, agriculture is, and has always been, 

 the leading industry. The prominence of lum- 

 bering and the westward trend of population, 

 which have taken so many farmers' sons into 

 the newer provinces, have somewhat obscured 

 the importance of the farm. Yet according to 

 the last census about 46,000 persons, over' thir- 

 teen per cent of the total population and nearly 

 one-half of the working population, are engaged 

 in agriculture. 



The most productive regions in New Bruns- 

 wick are the alluvial lands along the rivers. 

 The uplands, too, are for the most part fertile, 

 and yield fine crops of hay and oats. Perhaps 

 a quarter of the total area, comprising heath, 

 bogs and swamps, was formerly regarded as 

 waste land, but with proper drainage now pro- 

 duces large crops of hay. Even the "barrens," 

 so called, produce blueberries in abundance, 

 without cultivation. 



Hay is the most valuable crop, with an an- 

 nual average ranging from $7,000,000 to $9,000,- 

 000. The potato crop is about 10,000,000 bu>h- 

 els a year, and is worth more than $4,000,000. 

 The average crop of turnips is 3,000,000 bush- 

 els, worth about $1,000,000; oats, 6,000,000 

 bushels, $3,000,000; buckwheat, 1,500,000 bush- 

 els, $1,000,000. The value of the field crops 

 naturally varies considerably from year to year, 

 but $20,000,000 is a fair average total. 



Hardy fruits, especially apples, are raised ex- 

 tensively in the river valleys, and berries and 

 small fruits are abundant everywhere. Ti 

 fruits ripen late, and are sold at good prices in 

 the New England markets, where the local 

 supply has already been exhausted. The pro- 

 vincial government maintains about twenty-five 

 model apple orchards in different sections. The 

 raising of live stock, especially sheep and dairy 

 OOlll, i< receiving increasing attention. There 

 arc now about 100,000 milch cows and the - 

 number of other cattle, 125,000 sheep, and 

 about 70,000 horses. The production of butter 

 II over 10,000,000 pounds a year, and of 

 .IH.UI 1 ..~>00,000 pounds. 



The newest branch of agriculture is fur farm- 

 ing, winch has become important in all three of 

 tin- Maritime Provinces. Although the indus- 

 try has proved profitable to those engaged in 

 it. it cannot be said that it is as yet firmly 

 established on a sound business basis. 1 

 breeding an. I raising of foxes and other fur- 



:ng animals. however, is shown be\ 

 doubt to be both practicable and profitable. 

 Sec FUB AND FUR TRADE. 



