NEW BRUNSWICK 



4147 



NEW BRUNSWICK 





Brunswick soon suffered from irresponsible gov- 

 ernment, a condition which also prevailed in 

 Nova Scotia and the other provinces. In the 

 long struggle to secure responsible government 

 the lender wus Lemuel Allan Wilmot, a biog- 

 raphy of whom appears in its alphabetical or- 

 der in these volumes. Responsible government 

 was finally established in 1848. In 1867 New 

 Brunswick, under the leadership of Sir Samuel 

 Leonard Tilley, became one of the original 

 provinces of the Canadian confederation. 



Soon after confederation a movement arose 

 for the abolition of separate Roman Catholic 

 schools. The proposal naturally met strong 

 opposition, but was carried in 1871. In 1875 a 

 compromise was effected by which Roman 

 :olic children are given special instruction 

 by teachers of their own faith under certain 

 conditions. Since then local issues have played 

 an important part in political campaigns, and 

 tin Liberals and Conservatives have alternated 

 in office with more or less regularity. H.V.B. 



Consult Perley's On the Early History of New 

 Hntnswick; Hannay's History of New Brunswick. 



subject*. The following articles in 

 volumes may be consulted by the reader 

 interested in New Brunswick : 



Campbellton 



Edmundston 

 Fredericton 

 Grand Falls 



Apple 



Fur 



ilchi 

 RMtlgouche 



CITIES AND TOWNS 



Moncton 

 Newcastle 

 Sackville 

 Saint John 

 Saint Stephen 

 Woodstock 



LEADING PRODUCTS 



Lobster 

 Lumber 

 Potato 

 Sardine 



Saint John 



NEW BRUNSWICK, N. J., the county seat 

 Iiddlesex County and a manufacturing city, 

 ted north of the geographical center of the 

 state, at the head of navigation of the Raritan 

 r, fifteen miles from Raritan Bay, and at 

 eastern extremity of the Delaware and 

 Raritan Canal. New York City is thirty miles 

 northeast. Railway transportation is provided 

 nia and the Raritan River 

 oads, and electric lines extend from tin- 

 in various directions. In 1910 the popula- 

 was 23388; it had increased to 25,512 (Fed- 

 eral estimate) in 1916. The area of th n ty 

 exceeds four square miles. 



N \v Brunswick has a large number of manu- 

 facturing houses, among which cigar factories 

 take the lead; these employ about 1,400 people. 

 Rubber works, wall-paper factories, hosiery 

 mills, linoleum factories and automobile plants 

 also have an extensive output. Since there are 

 good shipping facilities by land and water, the 

 city has considerable trade in coal, cotton, raw 

 material for manufacturing purposes and gen- 

 eral merchandise. 



For its size, New Brunswick offers exceptional 

 educational opportunities. In addition to its 

 public schools, it has Rutgers College, the 

 Theological Seminary of the Dutch Reformed 

 Church in America, the state agricultural and 

 mechanical college, with the state model farms ; 

 Saint Agnes Academy; the Voorhees and Gard- 

 ner A. Sage libraries, and the Carnegie Li- 

 brary. A Federal building, the county record 

 building, a $175,000 bank building and a $17.V- 

 000 high school are noteworthy structures. The 

 Pennsylvania Railroad passes through the city 

 on a viaduct and enters it by a magnificent 

 stone bridge over the Raritan River. The 

 park reservations of the city include 229 acres. 



From the time it was settled in 1681 until 

 1697, this site was called Prigmore's Swamp. 

 Later, John Inian built a ferry across the i 

 and the name was changed to Ituan'x t\rry; 

 in 1714 the present name was adopted in honor 

 of the German House of Brunswick. The 

 place was granted a royal charter in 1730, was 

 incorporated as a town in 1736 and chartered 

 as a city in 1784. New Brunswick was the 

 scene of considerable activity during the Revo- 

 lutionary War. The commission form of gov- 

 ernment was adopted in 1915. 



NEW BRUNSWICK, UNIVERSITY OF, an in- 

 stitution for higher education, located at Fred- 

 ericton, N. B. The University of New Bruns- 

 wick is the head of the public school system of 

 the province, and is open to students of both 

 sexes who can pass the entrance examinations. 

 The courses of instruction are divided, accord- 

 ing to the system of English universities, into 

 ordinary and honor courses. The degrees of- 

 fered are A. B. (Bachelor of Arts) and B. S. 

 (Bachelor of Science), as well aa the usual 

 hipher and honorary degrees. The enrolment 

 includes about 200 students. There are about a 

 dozen professors, and the library contains about 

 15,000 volumes. 



The College of New Brunswick, which was 

 founded in 1800, was the predecessor of tl>> 

 present university. After 1805 the college re- 

 d annual grants from the province. 



