NEW HAVEN 



4160 



NEW HAVEN 



Hampshire adopted the Federal. Constitution 

 on June 21, 1788, and as it was the ninth state 

 to ratify it, this action assured its final adop- 

 tion and the eMablishinent of the United States. 

 A second state constitution was adopted in 

 1784 and practically rewritten in 1792 and 1877. 



From 1856 to 1912 New Hampshire was 

 stanchly Republican, and during the antislav- 

 ery discussion and War of Secession the state 

 ardently supported the Union. In the early 

 twentieth century, seven! amendments to the 

 constitution were passed, including taxation 

 and primary reforms and the passage of laws 

 curtailing the great political power of railroads. 



In 1912 three more amendments were added 

 providing for the election of officers by a plu- 

 rality vote, the disqualification of voters con- 

 victed of certain crimes, and the changing of 

 the basis of representation from property to 

 population. In April, 1917, the legislature passed 

 te prohibition act, to become effective 

 May 1, 1918. E.B.P. 



Consult McClintock's History of New Hamp- 

 shire; Hale's New Hampshire. 



Related Subjects. The following articles in 

 these volumes will be of interest in connection 

 with a study of New Hampshire : 



Berlin 

 Concord 

 Dover 

 Keene 



CITIES 



Laconia 

 Manchester 

 Nashua 

 Portsmouth 



LEADING PRODUCTS 



Boots and Shoes Mica 



Granite Paper 



Lumber 



PHYSICAL FEATURES 



Connecticut River Saco River 



Merrimac River White Mountains 



NEW HAVEN, CONN., the first city of the 

 state in population and in manufacturing, and 

 as the seat of Yale University, one of the fore- 

 most educational centers in the Union. It lies 

 at the head of New Haven Bay, an inlet of 

 Long Island Sound, eighteen miles northeast 

 of Bridgeport. New York City is seventy-two 

 miles southwest and Boston is 157 miles north- 

 east, by rail. Six branches of the New York, 

 New Haven & Hartford Railway enter the city 

 from various directions, and electric lines com- 

 municate with adjacent towns. There is exrel- 

 lent transportation by water. The population 

 increased from 133,605 in 1910 to 149,685 (Fed- 

 eral estimate) in 1916. Russian Jews and Ital- 

 ians predominate in the foreign element. 



Parks and Streets. New Haven is partially 

 encircled by hills which rise into rugged heights 



from 350 to 400 feet on the east and west, and 

 form a picturesque background for the city. 

 The early settlers planned the streets to cross 

 each other at right anul. >. thereby forming nine 

 squares, each a mile long, with "The Old Green" 

 as the central square. Around this the people 

 dwelt, and for a time it was their burial ground. 

 Here, too, stood the whipping post, the stock 

 and the pillory. The streets are thickly lined 

 with majestic old elm trees planted more than 

 100 years ago, and now numbering more than 

 24,000. Because of these the city has become 

 known locally as The Elm City. Though they 

 frequently hide the homes from view, the broad, 

 generous lines upon which the city is built pre- 

 vent the abundant growth of trees from giving 

 the place a congested appearance. The park 

 reservations cover 1,200 acres, East Rock and 

 West Rock parks being the most noted. The 

 former contains a splendid soldiers' and sailors' 

 monument and the latter has the famous Judges 

 Cave, the hiding place of the regicides, Whalley, 

 Goffe and Dixwell, for whose capture reward 

 was offered by Charles II of England. 



Institutions. The campus of Yale University, 

 a world-famous institution of learning, occu- 

 pies two city blocks which lie directly west of 

 "The Old Green." The buildings and halls of 

 the institution are among the most prominent 

 buildings of the city (see YALE UNIVERSITY). 

 In addition there are the Hopkins Grammar 

 School, a state normal school, Hillhouse High 

 School, the Boardman Manual Training School, 

 the public library (the gift of Mrs. Mary Ives), 

 and the libraries of the New Haven Colony 

 Historical Society and the American Oriental 

 Society. Benevolent institutions include Grace 

 and City hospitals, and two orphan asylums. 



Buildings. Noteworthy among the public 

 buildings are the massive $1,500,000 county 

 courthouse, constructed of white marble, the 

 $1,000,000 Taft Hotel, the Second National 

 Bank building and the handsome new Federal 

 building, completed in 1917 at a cost of $1,500,- 

 000. Three old churches which face "The Old 

 Green" are buildings of historical interest. 



Manufacture and Commerce. New Haven is 

 noted for the variety, as well as for the extent, 

 of its manufactures, among which metal prod- 

 ucts rank first. The Winchester Repeating 

 Arms Company employs 18,000 people, the New 

 Haven Clock Company has 3,000 employees, 

 and about 5,000 are engaged in making general 

 hardware. The general offices and the large 

 machine shops of the New York, New Haven 

 & Hartford Railway are located here. Through 



