NEW JERSEY 



4165 



NEW JERSEY 



The state aids agriculture through experiment 

 stations, a board of agriculture and grange and 

 horticultural societies. The forest lands in many 

 sections suffer from neglect and have been de- 

 creased by fires. 



Fisheries. Extensive fishing grounds in the 

 sheltered bays, shallow coast lagoons and tidal 

 rivers and the proximity of large markets have 

 made the fishing industry important. From 

 the mouth of the Raritan to Sandy Hook and 

 from Barnegat Bay to Cape May there are ex- 

 tensive oyster beds, and those of the Maurice 

 River and Delaware Bay are famous. Clams, 

 weakfish, bluefish, bass, shad and sturgeon are 

 also caught in large quantities. The total an- 

 nual value of the fisheries product is consider- 

 ably more than $3,000,000; the capital invested 

 in the industry is about $1,750,000. 



Minerals. New Jersey owes its importance as 

 a mineral state to its clay products, which in- 

 clude every variety of brick, tile and pottery 

 produced in the United States. A vast amount 

 of fire and ware clay is found at the mouth of 

 the Raritan, and brick clays are found in thick 

 beds along the Hackensack River. Clays for 

 terra cotta are obtained near Trenton and Pal- 

 myra, and Mercer County is the center of the 

 pottery industry. Fire sand, kaolin and feld- 

 spar are dug in the Raritan clay district. The 

 zinc production of the New Jersey mines, chiefly 

 Franklin Furnace, Sterling Hill and Mine Hill, 

 is second only to the zinc output of Missouri. 

 The manufacture of Portland cement ranks 

 third among the mineral industries of the state 

 and the production of molding sand and trap 

 rock used in concrete and road building is also 

 important. Granite is quarried at Chariot t< n- 

 burg and Pohuck Mountain, and sandstone, 

 brownstone and slate are produced. The total 

 value of the yearly mineral output of the state 

 is over $37,000,000; of this amount clay prod- 

 ucts make up more than half, and Portland 

 cement about one-tenth. 



Manufactures. The excellent transportation 

 and near-by markets of New York and Phila- 

 developed the great manufactur- 

 ing industries of New Jersey, which are located 

 fly on or near New York harbor or in the 

 nity of Philadelphia. In 1915 New Jersey 

 manufacturing states of 

 1'nion, and it is claimed that in the city of 

 Newark t :.ide a wider variety <>f 



han in an United States. 



In th .-melting and refining of copper and in 



production of copper wire, New Jersey leads 



all of the states. Paterson surpasses all other 



cities in the United States in the manufacture 

 of silks, and Passaic is noted for its production 

 of woolen goods. Newark is famous for leather, 

 jewelry, oilcloth and hats, and Jersey City for 

 sugar refining, tobacco and soap products. Terra 

 cotta, brick and tile are manufactured in great 

 quantities at Perth Amboy, and Trenton is 

 noted for pottery of all kinds, the state being 

 surpassed only by Pennsylvania in the produc- 

 tion of pottery, and ranking third among the 

 states in all clay products. As the home of the 

 Edison plants and other great electrical estab- 

 lishments, the city of Orange is famous. Ba- 

 yonne has recently been prominent in the 

 manufacture of arms and munitions. Structu- 

 ral steel, iron and glass products are other im- 

 portant manufactures of the state. 



Transportation. New Jersey is crossed by all 

 railroads entering New York City from the 

 West, and all lines enter Philadelphia from the 

 East by way of Camden. All New York lines 

 from the West, except the New York Cen- 

 tral and the Pennsylvania, have terminals at 

 Jersey City or Hoboken. There are over 2,440 

 miles of railroad within the state, the chief lines 

 being the Pennsylvania; Central Railroad of 

 New Jersey; Philadelphia & Reading; Dela- 

 ware, Lacka wanna & Western ; Erie; New York, 

 Susquehanna & Western; Lehigh Valley; New 

 York Central & Hudson River. There are over 

 1,370 miles of electric rail way track in the state 

 and continuous service is afforded from New 

 York to Philadelphia by way of Jersey City and 

 Camden. Newark, Hoboken and Jersey City 

 have subway service to New York. There are 

 many urban and interurban lines, most of which 

 are controlled by the Public Service Commis- 

 sion. 



The water transportation is excellent on the 

 Hudson and Delaware rivers, and the Delaware 

 and Raritan Canal, extending from Bordentmvn 

 to New Brunswick, and the Morris Canal, cross- 

 ing the state from Phillipsburg to Jersey City. 

 afford communication between the Delaware 

 River and seaports. Newark has purchased 930 

 acres of swamp land fronting on Newark Bay 

 for the purpose of improving and extending its 

 harbor. At Bayonne, the Lrhigh Valley Rail- 

 road is constructing n huge pier to handle ore 

 brought from Chile, which is carried through 

 the Delaware and Raritnn Canal to Pennsyl- 

 vania for the Hethlehem Steel Company. A 

 seashore reclamation project for the redeeming 

 of the swamps and meadows was begun in 1914. 

 Over thirty per cent of the state roads are 

 paved. 



