NEW RED SANDSTONE 



4182 



NEW SOUTH WALES 



ing and Dry Docks Company employs about 

 8,000 men. Three dry docks and the coal 

 wharves are the most important industrial fea- 

 tures, and there are in addition two grain ele- 

 vators with a capacity of nearly 3,000,000 bush- 

 '. iiiibrr mills, knitting mills and ironworks. 



Newport News has a Federal building, a li- 

 brary and an aviation testing plant and training 

 ires of interest in the city and vi- 

 cinity are Casino Park, a popular resort; War- 

 wick Park; Fort Monroe, a national cemetery, 

 and Buckroe Beach, on which is located a na- 

 tional soldiers' home. In Hampton Roads, off 

 Newport News, the United States fleet is fre- 

 quently anchored, and there, in 1862, was 

 fought the memorable battle between the 

 Monitor and the Mcrrimac. 



The first settlement at Newport News was 

 made in 1621, but the city really has been built 

 since 1882. In 1896 it was incorporated, and 

 its name unites those of Christopher Newport, 

 and English sea captain, and Sir William Newce, 

 prominent in colonial days. J.B.L. 



NEW RED SANDSTONE, the name of a 

 rock formation of the Carboniferous Period. 

 The rocks are loams, shales and sandstones, all 

 of which are usually of a reddish-brown color. 

 The system was given the name to distinguish 

 it from the Old Red Sandstone of Europe. 

 Some light red sandstones occur in Oklahoma, 

 and beds of gypsum in various localities were 

 formed at the same time. The system extends 

 into the Triassic Period. The formations are 

 more numerous in Europe than in America. 



i;< lated Subjects. The reader is referred to 

 the following articles in these volumes : 

 Carboniferous Period Old Red Sandstone 

 Geology (diagram) Triassic System 



NEW ROCHELLE, roshel', N. Y., in West- 

 -ter County, is a residential suburb north- 

 east of New York City, sixteen and one-half 

 miles from the Grand Central Station. It is 

 on Long Island Sound and is served by regular 

 steamers and by the New York, New Haven & 

 Hartford and the New York, Westchester & 

 Boston railroads. Electric lines connect with 

 near-by towns, resorts and beaches. The popu- 

 lation, which in 1910 was 28,867, was 37,759 

 (Federal estimate) in 1916. The area of the 

 city is ten square miles. 



New Rochelle has an excellent harbor and is 

 one of the leading yachting centers on Long 

 Island Sound. Prominent clubs include the 

 New York Athletic, on Traverse Island; the 

 New Rochelle Yacht, on Harrison Island; the 

 Huguenot Yacht, the Rowing and the Wyka- 



gayle Golf. In the city are a number of fine 

 colonial residences dating from the Dutch and 

 English periods, a Federal building, courthouse, 

 Canu'ivM- Library, hospital, several noteworthy 

 churches and u memorial home for the aged. 

 City. Hudson and Neptune parks are attractive 

 pleasure grounds. The New Rochelle College 

 (Roman Catholic) occupies Leland Castle, a 

 building noted for its fine interior decorations. 



The principal industrial establishments in- 

 clude manufactories of druggists' scales, a la: 

 printing and publishing plant and a film 

 corporation. Huguenot refugees from La Ro- 

 chelle, France, settled here in 1868, and the 

 settlement was named for their home city. 

 The place was incorporated in 1847 and became 

 a city in 1899. W.R. 



NEW SIBERIA ISLANDS, a group of unin- 

 habited islands in the Arctic Ocean, lying off 

 the north coast of Siberia. They are interest- 

 ing chiefly for their great deposits of the fossil 

 remains of the mammoth (which see) and other 

 animals, and of certain forms of vegetation. 

 The islands are almost treeless, but they pro- 

 duce a typical Arctic plant life, which provides 

 food for great numbers of lemmings and rein- 

 deer; bears and polar foxes, which feed on the 

 lemmings, are also found. The group has long 

 been a popular field for hunters. The principal 

 islands of the New Siberia archipelago are 

 Kotelnoi, New Siberia and Liakhov. The first 

 named is the largest, 116 miles long and 100 

 miles wide, and contains the highest elevations. 



NEW SOUTH WALES, the most populous 

 state in the Australian Commonwealth and 

 Great Britain's first colony on the island conti- 

 nent. Lying on the southeast coast, between 

 Queensland and Victoria, it occupies a rectan- 

 gular area of 310,372 square miles. It is more 

 than twice the size of the state of California 

 and larger than the combined areas of Alberta, 

 Nova Scotia and New Brunswick. 



The People. In its vast extent there are over 

 1,784,500 inhabitants, including about 7,000 full- 

 blooded aboriginals, of whom 2,000 are wholly 

 or semicivilized. Over one-third of the entire 

 population live in Sydney, the capital, which is 

 a great modern city of about 725,400 inhabit- 

 ants, resembling in its busy activities the com- 

 mercial cities of America or Europe. Newcastle 

 is the chief port for the northern part of the 

 state; this city and its suburbs have a com- 

 bined population of 57,650. Other important 

 centers of trade are Balmain and Broken Hill, 

 each having over 30,000 inhabitants; Newtown, 

 Marrickville, Redfern, Paddington, Leichart 



