NEW YORK 



4207 



NEW YORK 



north of 45th Street are the residences of some of 

 America s wealthiest people. From 59th Street 

 to 110th Street the avenue is the eastern bound- 

 ary of the park. The finest residence street on 

 Manhattan, and one of the most beautiful 

 boulevards in the world, is Riverside Drive, 

 \\hich .<kirts the Hudson River south from 72nd 

 Street as far north as the Spuyten Duyvil 

 Creek. Many of the large apartment houses 

 along the Drive are palatial in their appoint- 

 ments, and the private homes are among the 

 finest in the city. 



In the lower end of the island there is little 

 orderly arrangement of streets; they remain 

 practically as laid out by the early settlers, 

 when the town was a cluster of wooden build- 

 ings lying not far from the eastern and south- 

 ern water fronts. In this section it is therefore 

 difficult for the stranger to acquaint himself 

 with his surroundings, but farther north, cover- 

 ing four-fifths of the island, the streets are 

 nearly all at right angles, and on the whole 

 New York City geography is easily mastered. 

 The blocks north and south are short, about 

 one-third as long as Chicago's, for example, but 

 those running east and west average well with 

 those of nearly all great cities. 



Among the streets of lower Manhattan the 

 Bowery, extending from Chatham Square to 

 the junction of Third and Fourth avenues, de- 

 serves mention. Formerly the rendezvous of 

 tin- East Side rough characters, it has largely 

 outgrown its notoriety and has become a re- 

 spectable street of homes and shops. Few 

 Americans are found there, but it is the center 

 of a large Jewish population. 



Historic Buildings. The commercial spirit of 

 flu- age has not entirely destroyed New York's 

 :> nces of age, as time is reckoned in the 

 New World, but the city is not as rich in monu- 

 ments of colonial days as are Boston and Phila- 

 delphia. Men have viewed old landmarks in 

 oa of thousands of dollars per foot front, 

 :iM-l many of the historic edifices have been 

 sacrificed ; in their old places are some master- 

 pieces of twentieth-century architecture. 



Trinity Church and Churchyard Th. Trinity 

 ling Is not old, for It dates only from 1846. 

 i-ut its situation In the heart of the lower city and 

 its famous old burial ground make it one of the 

 cherished memorials of the metropolis. The 

 location Is on Broadway, at the head of Wall 

 Street religion confronting commercialism. The 

 Church corporation Is rich from the ownership of 

 inlty granted to It in 1705, and It 

 several chapels and m;mv missions out 

 iiK-ome of $600,000 a year. In the church- 

 yard arc burled many persons famous In Ameri- 



can history. In 1914 there were men daring 

 enough to propose the razing of the building and 

 the removal of the cemetery that large buildings 

 might occupy the space. 



TRINITY CHURCH AND CHURCHYARD 

 In the burial ground are the graves of Alexan- 

 der Hamilton, Robert Fulton, Captain James 

 Lawrence, Albert Gallatin and General Philip 

 Kearny. 



Castle Garden. At the southern extremity of 

 the island a battery was placed in position before 

 the Revolutionary War, but was little used. The 

 name Battery Park was given to the point, and In 

 1805 Fort Clinton was built on it, at the water's 



FORMER CASTLE GARDEN 

 Now the home of the New York Aquarium. 



edge. Later the structure was abandoned for 

 military purposes and it was remodeled into a 

 popular meeting place. Lafayette was given a 

 reception there In 1824. Afterwards it became 

 a theater and In 1847 the home of grand opera. 

 Jenny Llnjl appeared here In 1847. In 1885 the 

 Federal government secured the building for ;> 

 receiving station for immigrants, and for n 

 seven years over a million foreigners a year 

 passed through it 

 into the New 

 World. In 1891 

 the city secured 

 the building and 

 -led It to be 

 the home of t h o 

 New York Aqua- 

 rium, one >r tli.- 

 largest In tin- 

 world (see AQUA- 

 RIUM). 



Van Cortlandt Mansion. The Dutch Van Cort- 

 landts settled early In the north end of Man- 



VAN CORTLANDT 

 MANSION 



