NORTHWEST TERRITORY 



4281 



NORTON 



tion of Alberta and Saskatchewan into prov- 

 inces in 1905, and, finally, by the enlargement of 

 Manitoba, Ontario and Quebec in 1912. For 

 administrative purposes the North West Terri- 

 tories at one time were also divided into the 

 districts of Alberta, Assiniboia, Athabaska, Sas- 

 katchewan, Franklin, Mackenzie and Ungava. 



l { *-lntcd Subject*. The reader Is referred to 

 the following articles In these volumes, as well 

 as to those on. the provinces and districts named 

 above : 



Fur and Fur Trade Mackenzie River 



Great Bear Lake Royal Northwest 



Great Slave Lake . Mounted Police 



Hudson's Bay Company 



NORTHWEST TERRITORY. After the 

 Revolutionary War in America seven of the 

 states claimed title to a great section of land 

 lying west of their populated territory, for the 

 charters granted to many of the colonies gave 

 them rule from sea to sea. When the commit- 

 tee appointed in 1776 to draft the Articles of 

 Confederation reported to Congress the follow- 

 ing year, that body voted to accept the pro- 

 posed constitution, but all the states were re- 

 quired to sign it before it became effective. 

 Maryland refused to sign until the states claim- 

 ing the Western territory should give it to the 

 national government. Finally, after four years' 

 delay, New York agreed, Virginia, Connecticut 

 and Massachusetts having already promised to 

 do the same. Maryland signed the Articles in 

 1781, but Georgia and North and South Caro- 

 lina held their territory several years longer. 



The large tract of land ceded by the first four 

 >tates, lying north of the Ohio River and cast 

 of the Mississippi, became known as the North- 

 west Territory, when in 1787 an ordinance pro- 

 viding for its government was adopted. This 

 stated that no fewer than three and no more 

 than five states should in the future be formed 

 from it. Out of the Northwest Territory the 

 five great states of Ohio, Indiana, Illinois, 

 Michigan and Wisconsin were accordingly 

 formed in the years from 1802 to 1848, for 

 civilization moved rapidly westward. That 

 part of Minnesota lying: east of the Mississippi 

 was also a portion of the Northwest Territory. 

 See ORDINANCE or 1787. 



Consult Hlnsdalo'B The Old Northwest; Moore's 

 \'orthv>ct under Three Flags. 



NORTH YAK'IMA, WASH., wind, became 

 V\KIM\ in H17 by dropping the word NORTH. 

 is the county seat of Yakima County, in the 

 southern part of the state about midway bet < 

 its eastern and western borders. Ellensburg is 

 forty miles north, and Tacoma is 160 mile- 



northwest. Through the sen-ice of the North- 

 era Pacific and Oregon-Washington Railway 

 and Navigation Company, direct connections 

 are made with important cities in all directions. 

 An electric line extending into neighboring dis- 

 tricts provides good freight and passenger serv- 

 ice. North Yakima was settled in 1885, Yakima 

 City being practically moved to North Yakima ; 

 in 1886 it was incorporated as a city, and in 

 1912 the commission form of government was 

 adopted. In 1910 the population was 14,082; 

 in 1916 it was 20,951 (Federal estimate). 



North Yakima is an attractive modern city; 

 about sixty-five per cent of the people own 

 their homes. The most notable building is the 

 Masonic Temple; the keystone in the arch at 

 its entrance was brought from Palestine. Other 

 prominent edifices are a $250,000 Federal build- 

 ing, a $175,000 courthouse, a $200,000 hospital, 

 a Y. M. C. A. building, an armory, a library 

 and a $125,000 high school. Besides its public 

 schools the city has Marquette College and 

 Saint Joseph's Academy. The surrounding re- 

 gion is a productive, irrigated country, well 

 adapted to growing cereals, vegetables and 

 fruits, and the leading industries, the packing 

 and canning of fruits, are dependent on its re- 

 sources. Dairying and poultry raising are also 

 important, and the lumber industry is rapidly 

 growing. J.A.H. 



NORTON, CHARLES ELIOT (1827-1908), an 

 American educator and scholar of note, bom at 

 Cambridge, Mass., and educated at Han-aid. 

 where he was graduated in 1846. For three 

 years he held a position in a business house in 

 Boston, but his interest in art and literature 

 determined him to give up commercial life, and 

 after a year spent in travel in India and Europe 

 he devoted himself entirely to literary pursuits. 

 From 1855 to 1857 he was again in Europe, 

 from which he returned with a new determina- 

 tion to awaken in America an interest in the 

 culture of the older countries. 



In 1864 he became coeditor with James 

 Russell Lowell on the North American Review, 

 and this position he held for four years. In 

 1868 he went a third time to Europe, remaining 

 five years, and two years after his return was 

 made professor of the history of art at Harvard 

 University. This position gave him the oppor- 

 tunity which he had coveted of spreading the 

 cult of beauty, and he became the most note- 

 worthy figure in America in the field of aesthet- 

 ics. He was also an authority on Dante, 

 published translations of the Divine Comedy 

 and the New Life. 



