NOTRE DAME 



4293 



NOUN 



ing the walls. They were made in the shapes 

 of ugly birds and beasts to represent the evil 

 spirits denied entrance to the building (see 

 GARGOYLE). See, also, CATHEDRAL. 



NOTRE DAME 



The two grreat towers were to have been sur- 

 mounted by lofty spires, but these never were 

 added. 



NOTRE DAME, UNIVERSITY OF, one of the 

 most important Roman Catholic schools in the 

 United States, located at Notre Dame, Ind., 

 about two miles from South Bend. It was 

 founded in 1842 by the head of the Congre- 

 gation of the Holy Cross, which controls the 

 school, and in 1844 was granted a charter by the 

 state legislature. For a few years the univer- 

 sity consisted of only a college of arts and let- 

 ters. There have since been added colleges of 

 science, engineering, architecture and law, and 

 a preparatory school. Military drill is required 

 of all students except the college juniors and 

 seniors. 



The University Press issues a religious and 

 literary periodical, The Ave Maria, to which 

 many noted writers contribute. Each year the 

 university awards the Laetare -medal to a Ro- 

 man Catholic layman who has distinguished 

 himself in some branch of learning. The stu- 

 dent body, among whom are many Latin- 

 Americans, numbers about 1,150. There are 

 ty instructors. The university library con- 

 tains 85,000 volumes. 



NOTTINGHAM, not 'ing am, a manufactur- 

 ing city in Northern England, at. the junction 

 of the River Leen and the Trent, 125 miles 

 northwest of London, by rail. It is the county 

 town of Nottinghamshire. The city has been 

 famed for its spinning and knitting industries 



for over six centuries. Its oldest charter, dated 

 1155, confirms the manufacturing privileges 

 granted it by former kings. In 1769 Richard 

 Arkwright erected in Nottingham his first spin- 

 ning frame, and the city became an important 

 center for cotton, silk and merino hosiery. It 

 was noted, too, for a beautiful point lace made 

 by hand. Then came John Heathcoat and his 

 machine for making bobbinet, an invention 

 that revolutionized the lace industry. Instead 

 of producing a small quantity of very fine lace 

 made by hand, the city employs thousands of 

 women to embroider lace designs upon a ma- 

 chine-made background. 



Since the time of Heathcoat (1810) many ma- 

 chines have been invented which make imita- 

 tions so perfect that the position of each thread 

 is absolutely identical with the corresponding 

 thread of the handmade article. Though all 

 kinds and qualities of lace are manufactured, 

 Nottingham is usually applied to a coarse, sim- 

 ple-meshed lace with large, elaborate design*?. 

 Besides the lace and hosiery industries there 

 are large bicycle works, brass and iron foundries 

 and bleaching works, and the city is a consid- 

 erable market for coal from the mines near by. 

 Nottingham has numerous schools, hospitals, 

 parks, charitable institutions and churches, and 

 is the only municipality in England that main- 

 tains a college. 



The name of the city comes from the old 

 Saxon Snottengaham, meaning home of the 

 caves, and was applied to the place because 

 some of the caves near by had been used as 

 places of refuge during the Danish invasion. 

 Soon after the Danes were expelled the country 

 was taken by William the Conqueror; he built 

 Nottingham Castle and made the town one of 

 considerable importance. In the castle many 

 famous Parliaments were held, and Isabella and 

 Mortimer were captured there in 1330. Charles I 

 raised his standard there, beginning the civil 

 war that was to end so disastrously for him. 

 It was dismantled by order of Cromwell in 

 1644, and though rebuilt during the Restora- 

 tion, was nearly destroyed during tin- Reform 

 Bill riots of 1831. Nottingham is the scene of 

 many of tin adventures of Robin Hood, and his 

 beloved Sherwood Forest, now denuded of its 

 trees, is fast becoming a fashionable residence 

 district. Population in 1911, 259,904. 



NOUN. As a short definition for the part 



of speech known as the noun, we might call it 



:m, -u-nrd. standing for some object, sub- 



-tanrc or idea. A'oun comes, in fact, from tin 



Latin word for namcnomen, the same root 



