NOVA SCOTIA 



4301 



NOVA ZEMBLA 



The great tragedy in the history of Nova 

 Scotia was the deportation of the Acadians in 

 1755 and their distribution among the English 

 colonies to the south (see ACADIA) . 

 Scattered were they like flakes of snow, when the 



wind from the northeast 

 Strikes aslant through the fogs that darken the 



Banks of Newfoundland. 



Whatever the necessity for this act may have 

 been, it has led to many sharp discussions for 

 and against it. Some justify the act on the 

 ground that the Acadians, by refusing to take 

 the oath of allegiance to the British govern- 

 ment, were menacing the peace of the prov- 

 ince. Those on the other ide claim that the 

 Acadians were farmers who remained on their 

 land and took no part in the political affairs 

 of the colony, and that they were in no case 

 a menace to the government. Be this as it 

 may, the event led years afterwards to the 

 writing of the poem Evangeline by Longfellow, 

 which has done more than all things else to 

 make Nova Scotia known to the world. 



In 1758, a constitution providing for an elec- 

 tive assembly was granted, and Cape Breton 

 Island and Prince Edward Island joined Nova 

 Scotia in 1763, but in 1770 Prince Edward 

 Island was separated from the province. In 

 1773 Scottish immigration began, and following 

 the Revolutionary War in the United States, 

 the province received a large number of loyal- 

 ists from that country. In 1754 New Brunswick 

 and Cape Breton were separated from Nova 

 Scotia, but in 1820 Cape Breton was again an- 

 nexed. Like the provinces of Upper and Lower 

 Canada, Nova Scotia had a prolonged struggle 

 to obtain a responsible government, but in 1848 

 this was attained under the leadership of Jos- 

 eph Howe. In 1867 Nova Scotia decided to 

 become a member of the Dominion. Since that 

 time the energies of her statesmen have been 

 devoted to the development of the resources of 

 the province, the perfection of her laws and 

 raising the standard of education. In 1910 a 

 law prohibiting the sale of intoxicating liquors 

 throughout the province, except in the city of 

 Halifax, was passed. In 1916 the law was ex- 

 tended to the whole Province. A.H.M. 



Consult Willson's Nova Scotia, the Province 

 That Hat Been Passed By. 



RHntrd Sub). . r *. The reader who Is Inter- 

 ested In Nova Scotia will find much that is help- 

 ful In the following articles : 



CITIES AND TOWNS 



Ami Bridge water 



Annapolis Royal Dartmouth 



Antigonish Dominion 



Grand-Pr6 



Halifax 



Inverness 



Kentville 



Liverpool 



Lunenburg 



New Glasgow 



North Sydney 



Parrsboro 



Acadia 

 Cabot, John 

 Evangeline 



Apple 



Coal 



Cod 



Fish 



Hay 



Pictou 



Spring Hill 



Stellarton 



Sydney 



Truro 



Westville 



Windsor 



Yarmouth 



HISTORT 



Howe, Joseph 

 Louisburg 



LEADING PRODUCTS 



Iron 

 Lobster 

 Lumber 

 Mackerel 



UNCLASSIFIED 



Appalachian Mountains Cape Breton Island 

 Bras d'Or Lake Minas Bay 



NO'VA ZEM'BLA, two large islands in the 

 Arctic Ocean, belonging to Russia and forming 

 a part of the government, or province, of Arch- 

 angel. They are separated from each other by 

 a narrow strait, the Matochkin Shar (Matthew 

 Strait), and from the mainland of Russia, on 

 the east, by the Strait of Kara. The latter is 

 a part of the northeast passage. The northern 

 island is about 20,000 square miles in area, and 

 the southern, about 15,000 square miles. To- 

 gether, therefore, they cover an area greater 

 than that of Ireland and nearly equal to that of 

 the state of Indiana. Their coasts are broken 

 by numerous fiords, and the islands are rocky 

 and barren. Innumerable waterfowl are found 

 along their shores, and in the coast waters are 

 seals, dolphins, walruses and whales. In the in- 

 terior, however, animal life is rarely seen. Vege- 

 tation is represented chiefly by stunted growths 

 of mosses, lichens and grass; minerals, by con- 

 siderable quantities of coal and limited deposits 

 of gold and copper. On the southern island 

 the Russian government has established several 

 settlements of Samoyeds, a Mongolian people 

 of Northeastern Europe. The name Nova 

 Zcmbla is the equivalent for the Russian No- 

 vaya Zcmlya, meaning new land. 



These islands were first sighted, in modern 

 times, during the search for the Northwest 

 Passage, and were first visited in 1556. During 

 the latter part of the eighteenth century 

 Russian government took possscssion of tln-m 

 because of tho rumors that silver ore was plcni i- 

 ful on thnn :md because of the abundance of 

 sea animals and birds. Part of the coast line 

 was mapped in the early nineteenth century; 

 in 1870 the southern island was first crossed. 



