OBESITY 



OBESITY 



ments (see subhead under CARNEGIE, ANDREW). 

 There is a student enrolment of about 1,750, 

 and the faculty numbers nearly 175. The col- 

 lege has a library of 165,000 volumes. 



Jean Frederic Oberlin (1740-1826), for sixty 

 years pastor of a Lutheran church in the val- 

 ley of Steinthal (stony valley), on the bound- 

 ary between Alsace and Lorraine, devoted 

 his life to helping a people who were lapsing 

 into barbarism as a result of years of warfare. 

 He taught them how to till the land and how 

 pin and weave, he had roads and bridges 

 built, and he founded a bank where money 

 could be borrowed without security or pay- 

 ment of interest. The more promising youths 

 encouraged to go to Strassburg to at- 

 tend trade schools, and in the valley schools 

 were established. Among these were schools 

 for little children of the kindergarten age. 



OBESITY, obes'iti, a term used in medi- 

 cine to denote an excessive accumulation of 

 fat in the human system. In the common ac- 

 ceptance of the term, obesity is not a disease, 

 but it is a condition which causes more or 

 less discomfort. The normal proportion of 

 fat is from one-fifteenth to one-twentieth of 

 the weight of the body, but this may vary 

 without affecting the health. It is only when 

 the accumulation of fat begins to affect the 

 functions of the vital organs, especially the 

 heart, that obesity becomes a disease. . Obesity 

 may occur at any period in life, but its effects 

 are most frequently manifest after the age 

 of forty. The chief causes are overeating, lack 

 of exercise and indulgence in alcoholic bev- 

 erages. 



Corpulent people are often anxious to re- 

 duce their weight, and many plans for accom- 

 plishing this have been devised. They all, 

 however, depend upon diet and exercise. Some 

 ta exclude all fats and carbohydrates, that 

 is, foods containing a large proportion of starch. 

 Some authorities advocate the use of such 

 acids as vinegar and lemon juice, but il>< 

 -sive use of these i> likely to injure the 

 digestive organs. Exercise should be taken at 

 such times as will best aid digestion. Without 

 systematic exercise no dieting system will ac- 

 complish permanent reduction. 



The following diet is suggested for those 

 who wish to reduce their weight. For explana- 

 of calorie, see that article, and reference 

 there given: 



Fuel value. 1,400 calories; ordinary require- 

 ments, 2.400 calories. The difference Is to be 

 made up by burning adipose tissue (fat). 



Breakfaat: Protein Total 



Weight cal- cal- 



Measure Oz. ories ories 



Orange. 1 large 9.5 7 100 



Eggs, 2 4.8 54 150 



Graham bread, 2 thin slices. .7 7 50 



Coffee (clear), 1 cup 



300 

 Luncheon: 



Bouillon, 1 cup 8.5 21 25 



Soda cracker, 1 0.2 3 IT. 



Halibut steak, broiled with 



lemon, large serving 6.0 122 200 



Asparagus, plain, 10 stalks. ... 8.0 16 50 



Potato, boiled, 1 medium 3.C 11 100 



Butter (for potato and aspara- 

 gus), % tbsp 0.3 0.3 50 



Apple, raw, 1 medium 4.9 :: 65 



515 

 Dinner: 



Raw oysters, 12 7.2 49 100 



Roast beef, strictly lean, large 



serving 5.8 162 250 



String beans, plain boiled, % 



cup 2.0 5 25 



Potato, boiled, 1 medium 3.6 11 100 



Tomato, sliced with vinegar, 



salt, and pepper, 1 medium. .7.7 . . 50 

 Cheese, pineapple, Swiss, Brie. 



Roquefort, or American 0.4 1 ~2 50 



Water cracker. 1 0.1 1 10 



Coffee ( clear ) , 1 cup 



585 



Total for day 491 1,400 



While some people are too fat, others are too 

 thin. Many women, especially, desire to in- 

 crease their weight, and the following diet is 

 suggested for this purpose: 



Fuel value, 3,000 calories; ordinary require- 

 ment, 2,200 calories. Balance to be stored as 

 adipose tissue. 

 Breakfasts 



Protein Total 



Weight cal- cal- 



Measure Oz. ories ories 



Prunes, 4 medium 1.4, dry 3 100 



Grapenuts, 3 tbsp 1.0 12 100 



Egg, 1 70 



Toast, 2 slices 1.0 14 100 



Butter, 1 tbsp 0.5 1 100 



Cream, thin, % cup .1.4 15 300 



ant) o.r, . . 50 



Coffee, 1 cup 



10:30 A. M. : 

 Cocoa, 5fc cup . 



i iincliront 



Corn chowder, % cup 4.4 18 160 



Fruit salad, 1 sen-Ing 3.0 200 



Roll, 1 1.3 12 100 



Butter, lU tbsp 0.7 1 160 



Chocolate > l ' 200 



Blanc Mange with 2 tbsp. 



whipped rrrnni 0.9 2 100 



4 P. M. : 

 Eg* In orange juice, 1 egg. 3 



tbsp. Juice, 2 tsp. su*ar 4.2 25 130 



