OCHER 



4337 



OCTAVIUS 



entirely in forest trees and is an agile climber; 

 its principal food is mice, birds and monk 

 If taken young it can be tamed and almost do- 

 mesticated, and is often kept as a pet by the 

 forest Indians of South America. The ground- 

 tint of the fur is smoky-pearl in color, and black 

 s develop from mere dots on the legs and 

 feet to large shell-shaped spots on other parts 

 of the body. The nose is pink, and the eyes 

 are large and translucent. The ornamental col- 

 oring is seldom quite the same in any two speci- 

 mens. Ocelots are killed for their beautiful 

 skin; this is made into fur garments, which are 



valuable. 



OCHER, or OCHRE, o'ker. We often read 

 of mineral paint, without thinking about what 

 the term means. There are several minerals 

 which when ground to a fine powder and mixed 

 with linseed oil form paints. Ocher is one of 

 minerals. It is a combination of iron and 

 lime formed in bogs and marshes by water con- 

 taining the iron in solution. This substance 

 often mixes with clay and colors it yellow. 

 When dried and ground this clay forms the 

 yellow ocher of commerce, though the clay is 

 not ocher at all. Ochers vary in color from pale 

 yellow to brownish red, and some yellow ochers 

 turn red when heated to a high temperature. 



O'CONNELL, okon"l, DANIEL (1775-1847), 

 one of the most distinguished of Ireland's pa- 

 triotic leaders and orators, known as "the Lib- 

 r." He was born in County Kerry in 1775, 

 was educated in Cork and at the Roman 

 Catholic colleges of Saint-Omer and Douai, 

 in France. He was admitted to the Irish bar in 

 1798, where he rose to an eminent height and 

 distinguished for his powers of oratory. 

 1828 Clare County elected him to Parlia- 

 it, but the oath required by the Test Acts 

 (which see) prevented him from taking the 

 seat, as he was a Roman Catholic. The next 

 p, after the repeal of the restricting laws, he 

 reflected, and remained a member of Par- 

 mirnt until tin end of his life. In 1843, fol- 

 his strenuous activity for the repeal of 

 Union between Great Britain and Ireland, 

 was arrested for conspiracy, convicted and 

 to imprisonment for a year. Tin- 

 it, however, was reversed by the House 

 Lords. O'Connell made his last spcerh in 

 'arliamrnt. in 1847. 



O'CONNELL, WILI.MM HKNRY (1859- >. 

 cardinal of the Roman Catholic 

 ureh. He was born in Lowell, Mass., and 

 educated at Boston and at Rome In IKXI 

 was ordained I j-nest, in 1896 he became 



rector of the American College at Rome, and 

 in 1901 was consecrated bishop of Portland, 

 Me. He was sent, in 1905, as special Papal 

 envoy to the emperor of Japan, who presented 

 him with the 

 Grand Cordon of 

 the Sacred Treas- 

 ure. Upon his re- 

 turn to America 

 he was named co- 

 adjutor arch- 

 bishop of Boston, 

 and on November 

 27, 1911, was cre- 

 ated cardinal by 

 Pius X. In 1911 

 a volume of his CARDINAL O'COXNELL 



Sermons and Addresses was published. He pre- 

 sides over the archdiocese of Boston. 



OCTAVE. Stretch a fine wire tightly be- 

 tween two supports, and pluck it with the fin- 

 gers. It vibrates and gives out a musical 

 sound. Now place a sharp object, as a knife 

 blade, under the exact center of the wire, and 

 with the finger cause one-half to vibrate. The 

 sound which is given out is an octave higher 

 that than produced by the .longer wire ; that is, 

 it is the eighth tone above it in the scale. 

 The two tones resemble each other very closely 

 in fact, when a tone and its octave are 

 sounded together, it is difficult to distinguish 

 them. All tones which stand in the relation of 

 octaves to each other bear the same name; 

 each C in the scale is separated by one or more 

 octaves from each other C, and each do by an 

 exact number of octaves from each other do. 

 This is true of all other letters and tone names. 



OCTAVIA, okta'via, a Roman matron, sis- 

 ter of the Emperor Augustus, and the widow of 

 the consul Claudius Marccllus. In 41 B.C. she 

 married Mark Antony to secure his reconcilia- 

 tion with her brother (see ANTONY. MARK). 

 Octavia was noted for womanly virtues as well 

 as beauty, but Antony forsook her for the lure 

 of Cleopatra, the fair queen of Kpypt. in whose 

 presence he forgot ambition and country (see 

 CLEOPATRA). After the Battle of Actium, in 31 



B.C., Antony divorced Octaxia. hut her noble 



character was shown in her devotion to his chil- 

 dren, as well as to lur own Her son, Marcus 

 11 us, was adopted by the emperor as his 

 heir and became a distinguished Roman gen- 

 Octavia died in 11 B.C., and a splendid 

 temple was built in her honor by Augustus. 

 OCTAVIUS, or OCTAVIAN'US. See Au- 

 rus. 



