PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION 



1476 



PANCREAS 



lies u. j . to tin- P.\.\-A.MhKir.\N I'.Mo.N. 



that title for later information bearing 

 upon the commercial and friendly relations be- 



rhe two Ann i 



PAN-AMERICAN EXPOSITION, an exposi- 

 tion held in Buffalo. X. Y.. in 1901 to celebrate 

 the progress made in indu- DM and art 



lerican republics during the nineteenth 

 century. The exposition formally opened on 



Jil. and closed November 2. The expense 

 of the enterprise, amounting to about $10,000,- 

 UOO. was assumed by the citizens of Buffalo; 

 the buildings occupied 350 acres in the north- 

 ern part of the city. The electrical power was 

 derived from Niau.ua Falls. Thr main build- 

 ings were grouped around a broad court, the 

 electric tower, 409 feet high, being the center of 

 the architectural scheme, which was an adapta- 

 tion of the Spanish Renaissance. The exposi- 

 tion was called the "Rainbow City" on account 



lecoration and elaborate coloring. Eight- 

 een countries were represented. The Federal 

 government spent $500,000 in special exhibits. 

 The New York state and Art buildings were 

 permanent, and are now devoted to the collec- 

 tion of the Albright Art Gallery and Buffalo 

 Historical Society. The assassination of Presi- 

 dent McKinley occurred on September 6, dur- 

 ing a reception in the Hall of Music of the 

 exposition. 



PAN-AMERICAN UNION, an official organi- 

 zation supported jointly by the twenty-one re- 

 publics of North, Central and South America. 

 for the promotion of friendly commercial rela- 



I'AX-A.MKIIK'AX rXIOX BUILDING 



In \Vusliintflon, D. C. 



lions bi.-t wern ihem. It wa> ( -taljli>in <1 in 1890 

 as the Bureau of American Republics, but its 

 name was changed to the present form in 1910. 

 Its foundation was the result of the Pan-Ameri- 

 can Congress of 1889, which recommended the 

 "iL'.mization of a "bureau of information for 

 3si mination of intelligence concerning tin- 

 commerce and resources of HP- American !!- 



public*." Through its monthly bulletin and 

 al.-o it- annual report, both of which are au- 

 thoritative documents, the Union now tran>- 

 mit- information concerning commercial con- 

 dition- and opportunities, changes in cu.-toni- 

 law- and in patent and trademark regulation-, 

 and generally act- a- publicity agent for all the 

 republics in their relations to each other. 



Two of the expressed objects of the Union 

 are to secure the adoption of a common coin- 

 age basis and the arbitration of all disputes 

 between the various governments involved. 

 This attitude towards arbitration received an 

 impetus in 1914 when the United States repre- 

 sentatives of Argentina, Brazil and Chile acted 

 as arbitrators between Mexico and the United 

 States (see MEXICO, subtitle Government ami 

 History), 



The headquarters of the Union, in Washing- 

 ton, D. C., are in a beautiful building, com- 

 pleted in 1910 as the gift of Andrew Carnegie. 

 The Secretary of State of the United State- i- 

 ex officio chairman of the governing board of 

 the Union, whose remaining members are tin 

 ambassadors and ministers of the other repub- 

 lics to the United States. The board elects the 

 director-general, who assumes executive con- 

 trol. John Barrett, former minister of the United 

 States to Siam, Argentina, Panama and Colom- 

 bia, has occupied this office since the organiza- 

 tion of the Union, previous to which time, be- 

 ginning in 1907, he filled the corresponding 

 position in the Bureau of American Republics. 



There is a valuable monthly publication for 

 the dissemination of information regarding all 

 matters of interest to the subscribing countries, 

 printed in Washington in English and in Span- 

 ish, called Bulletin, oj the Pan- American I'n'um. 



PANCREAS, pang'kreas, an important di- 

 gestive organ, the special work of which is tin- 

 digestion of starches and sugars. It is a long. 

 narrow gland, six or eight inches in length. 

 about one inch thick and an inch and a half 

 wide, and is of a pinkish-yellow color. It lies 

 crosswise and behind the stomach, and com- 

 municates with the intestinal tract by means 

 of a duct which extends throughout it.- length. 

 The contents of this duct an- discharged into 

 the duodenum, which meets the pancreas at tin- 

 right end of that gland. A watery, alkaline li- 

 quid, known as pancreatic juice, is secreted by 

 the pancreas, which acts not only on starch and 

 sugar, but on proteids and fats (see DIGESTK* 

 The eating of excessive amounts of sweets, 

 ] lastry. potatoes, bread and meat tends to over- 

 work the pancreas and to cause diabetes. 



