PAPIER-MACHE 



L481 



PAPINEAU 



rhc rollers. It can be -een by 

 holding the papers between the eyes and the 

 light. 



iin or "waxed" paper is made by run- 

 ning ordinary paper through a tank of melted 

 parattin. ami then pn--mt: the paper between 

 cold -teel rollers. Yogi -table parchment is made 

 by running the paper through a -olution of sul- 

 phuric acid and other ingredient-. tlicn wa-h- 

 nu:. drying and finishing a- in other paper-. 

 Uoth Tin-- varieties an- waterproof. and the 

 d paper i- < \ien-i\ely u-ed in wrapping 



nd other food products. 



A- might be expected in a country where al- 



rybody reads, America leads the world 



in paper making. The capital invest* d in the 



mess amounts to more than S400.000.000. 



The value of the annual output i> approxi- 



mately $300.000,000. The wood consumed for 



pulp yearly is over 4,330,000 cords. Production 



rirely concentrated in the northern tier of 



tee, especially in the East. The news-print 



production of Canada has been greatly in- 



id its output is nearly half 



of tin- I'm ted States. The War of the 



disturbing effect on the produc- 



tion of paper. Its manufacture stopped in Bel- 



iiiui' _'li-h and French output was cut 



nearly in half, and the (ierman mills reduc. d 



output to lea than one-fourth that in 



normal time.-. In America no serious effect 



would h It had not the importation 



of cli'iini cially from (Jermany. t 



ped. All paper- had doubled in value be- 



fore the war had continued two year-, \\.r.i: 



N,,I. j,-rt. Tin- reader is ivO-m-d in 



I in these v!tn 

 irnlitiK Print 



V.-lhim 



PAPIER-MACHE, /, py J mahshay' , a sub- 

 ide of paper pulp or paper that 



tO pulp. The pulp i> mixed with 



"il. ri-in or some other sizing to 



wh. n dry. Copperas, 



vlute of egg IB added when u i- 



and 



,,! -,M| 



' wiw probably 

 < 'hiiui and .la; 

 states IB o! 

 ome an impor 



nidii- 



i;'ichi I' 



i into mask*, doll* 1 heads and 





 281 



anatomical models, picture frames, buttons. 

 boxes, tubes, pails and numerous other articles 

 of common use. It is sometimes used in place 

 of stucco for ornamenting the interior of build- 

 ings. Papier-mache is a desirable material for 

 manufacturing purposes because it is compara- 

 tively inexpensive, light, strong and durable. 

 and can ea-ily be molded into any desired 

 -hape. When dry the article i.- tiirht and st i 

 and can be painted or utherwi.- d to 



Miit the taste of the maker. 



For some purposes papier-mache i< made by 

 gluing together sheets of paper and pn - 

 the damp sheets into a mold. For other pur- 

 poses sheets of cardboard or box board are 

 .-imilarly treated, but the ordinary grad- 

 made from scrap or waste paper or wood pulp. 

 to which quantities of ground chalk, day and 

 sand are added. 



PAPINEAU, pah p, ' . I .or is JOSEPH (1786- 

 Is71). a French-Canadian political leader. 

 1815 to 1837 speaker i.f th, Lower Canadian 

 \-t-mbly. also remembered for hi> .-hare in 

 causing the Lower Canada Rebellion of 1837. 

 To the end of 

 In- life he always 

 maintained that 

 Canada should es- 

 tablish its ppliti- 

 cal independence. 

 for ( 'anadiaii-. lie 

 said, "need never 



expedl justice 



from England, and 

 to submit to her 



would be an et. ;- 

 Tia I d i -u i 

 Tin- opinion i- 

 the keynote ... 

 his political career, during the course of which 

 he wa- continually .-tirring u]> fe-ling ai: 

 the honle government. Always in deep 

 iif-t. Papineau's cour-e was laid with the w I- 

 of Canada as an objective. I'nfort unatelv 

 Canada to him meant only French ' 



Had hi- \ l-loti In SB :i wider one he \\oilld 



M of ih, OOOStTU 



lead' -nadit during the mnet.enth cen- 



tury. 

 I'apmeaii was born at Moiur<:d. attended 



(UebeC and lat, r .-tudie<l 



I.. 11 I to the bar in 1810. His law 



r was great, for he had 



,,| public I Me in the preceding 



m m.-iiiber oi the Lower Canada Amem- 



bly. In '-nip- 



WOTS JOSEPH 



