PAPRIKA 



1482 



PAPYRUS 



lion uniil ls:J7.and after 1M.'> 



* g : were 



pcrha; : :aiest in Canadian histo: 



If had frequen I with the gov- 



ernors appointed by the Crown, until family. 

 in 1827. Lord Dalhoi p( him 



\Yhen fch< km nablj insist* d. n.-d- 



Thrr D wa< more i ban - 



: idol. Pn viou-ly. from 1820 i 



.. cutive council, hut he re- 

 dirnl that public opinion 



did not and could not make itself felt in that 

 body. In 1834 : hly. under his leader- 



ship, refust d to grant supplies to the governor 

 as a st onring th.- British go\ ern- 



j ,nt :tn elective council. For three 

 Lnembly continued to refuse supplies, 

 and in the meantime I'apineau arranged with 

 \Villi;..: Macken/ie for cooperation be- 



revoluiionary parties in I'pper and 

 ' .da. Marly in 1837 the British gov- 

 ernment announced ihat an elective council 

 . of ili. question, and also. a< the A<- 

 >embly still refused to vote supplies, author- 

 ix. d the governor to withdraw money from the 

 . This action was followed by violent 

 speeches from Papineau, and finally, in Octo- 

 ber, by open rebellion. 



Papim-au's attitude towards the rebellion has 



been the subject of much dispute. It was no 



-oniier beirun. however, than he left it to its 



1 lied across the border into the United 



After two years he went to France, 



where he remained until the general amnesty 



of 1847. On his return to Canada he was 



,io ihe AS- einbly of the Union, but his 



influence over his fellow members and over the 



general public wa- gone. He retired in 1854, 



'tit the remaining years of his life in 



Delusion at his horn*-. Monnbello, on the Ot- 



Jivor. W.F.Z. 



PAPRIKA, pah' prr 1;. a favorite Hungarian 

 condiment, prepared from the pods of a culti- 

 anety oi capsicum (which see). After 

 1- have been removed, the pods are 

 dried and powdered. Paprika ha< a bright red 

 color, but is less pungent than red or cayenne 

 pepper and ha.- It is used for 



seasoning r-dibl- - lly di-lies prepared 



from a combination of meats and vegetables, 

 as goulashes, Btews, tc., and is also employed 

 in -alad dre.->ings. It has come into very com- 

 mon use in North America. 



PAPUA, iwp'nonh. or pnh '/too nli. See 

 XK.W ('.TINEA. 



PAPYRUS, pi - water plain of the 



< dge family, whose most important representa- 

 tive, the K<j yptum papyrus, has enabled man 

 to preserve from oblivion the records of dynas- 

 t have long since passed into history. 

 The reed \va< used by the ancients for a variety 

 of practical purposes in addition io ihe mo-t 

 important one. the manufacture of the crude 

 but long-enduring ptipi/ri rolls which modern 



TWO FORMS OF THE PAPYIM'S IT. ANT 



research has brought to light. It served also 

 to make mats, sandals and sailcloth for light 

 skiffs. Kven the brownish flowers were uti- 

 lized to form garlands to adorn the shrines of 

 the Egyptian gods. 



The papyrus, or paper, of the Egyptian.- was 

 made of strips of the pith arranged in layers. 

 It appears on the earliest monuments in the 

 shape of long, rectangular sheets, The writer 

 used a reed called kaxh. with red or black ink 

 whose formula is unknown to-day. The sheeti 

 were at first rolled and tied with a string; later 

 they were bound together like the modern 

 books. These rolls and sheets varied in di- 

 mensions; in many instances they reached a 

 length of 144 feet. When newly prepared, the 

 papyrus was white, but time has turned tho.-e 

 which have come down to us a light or dark 

 brown, and age ha< made them very brittle. 



For a long time the city of Alexandria jeal- 

 ously guarded the monopoly of preparing the 



