PARIS GREEN 



. 4501 



PARKER 



lutions ecclesiastical, political and educational. 

 AT the beginning of the sixteenth century the 

 university consisted of about fifty colleges, and 

 it \v.-i> then recognized as a great educational 

 center of the Christian world. Its fame, how- 

 ever, rested on its scholastic theology, and when 

 -rhools of theology were founded in other parts 

 influence began to decline. Then 

 the .lays of the political dissensions cul- 

 minating in the French Revolution, when tho 

 lit ion \\a> overthrown. It was reorganized 

 >U8 by Napoleon as a part of the University 

 but is now known officially as the 



1 



The present organization includes the faculty 

 of Prote-tant theology, the faculty of law, the 

 medical faculty, which includes the Dupuytren 

 Museum, the faculties of science and letters, 

 and the school of pharmacy. The faculties of 

 re and letters are established at the famous 

 rolli-m- of the Sorbonne (which see). When the 

 War of the Nations broke out the university 

 had an attendance of over 17,500. In its libra- 

 are more than 900.000 volumes and over 

 2,300 manuscript-. 



PARIS GREEN, a bright-green powder, pre- 

 d from arsenic acid and copper acetate. It 

 i> used to some extent as a pigment for wall 

 papers, but because of its very poisonous nature 

 this custom is declining. Paris green is valued 

 (ln fly as a wet or dry spray to kill worms, 

 grasshoppers, potato bugs and other insects that 

 feed upon the foliage of plants. It is almost 

 ible in water, but is usually mixed with it 

 for wet spraying. Such a preparation must be 

 k<pt constantly stirred, else the poison sinks to 

 flu- bottom, leaving the top liquid harmless and 

 the rest so strong as to be injurious to plant-. 

 For dry application, it is sometimes sprayed 

 tim-ly without dilution upon potato plants, 

 [nit as a rule it j> mixed with Hour, air-slaked 

 lime, road dust or ph-ter. The -tivnuth of the 

 mixture mu-t l>e d.t, rmined by the kind of in- 

 to be killed. See INSECTK iDi.- \M I'l M,I- 



PARK, M' EfOQ L771-1W), Bootttt Ani- 

 ih< pioneer in the iimdeni ex- 

 ploration of th. "Dark ('Mtm. nt He was 

 born near Selkirk, acted for several yeans as 

 Mir^eon m the service of the East India Com- 

 I m 1795 was sent out by th. African 

 Association to trace the course of the Niger 

 oceeded up the Gambia, meeting 

 it hardships at every stage of the journey, 

 and reached the upper Niger at Sego m July. 

 1796. From there he followed the river toward 



Timbuktu, but was obliged to turn back at 

 Silla. The account of his nineteeri-months' 

 journey into the interior, published as Travels 

 in the Interior of Africa, was everywhere enthu- 

 siastically received. In 1805 Park was sent out 

 by the British government to push further his 

 exploration of the Niger, and had passed Tim- 

 buktu when his little vessel was set upon by 

 savages. Park and his companions attempted 

 to save themselves by swimming, but all were 

 drowned. 



PARKER, ALTON BROOKS (1852- ), an 

 American political leader and jurist, identified 

 with the conservative wing of the Democratic 

 party. He was educated at the Cortland, N. V.. 

 Normal School and at the Albany Law School, 

 and was admitted to the bar in Kingston, N. Y. 

 In 1885 he became justice of the supreme court 

 of the same state to fill an unexpired term, and 

 was elected a year later for the full term of 

 fourteen years. In 1898 he became chief jus- 

 tice of the court of appeals, an office which he 

 resigned in 1904 to accept the Democratic nomi- 

 nation for the Presidency. Upon his defeat by 

 Theodore Roosevelt, Judge Parker returned to 

 the practice of law. In 1913 he acted as chief 

 council for the plaintiffs in the impeachment 

 of Governor Sulzer of New York. 



PARKER, FRANCIS WAYLAND (1837-1902), an 

 American educator, best known for his con- 

 structive pedagogical work while connected with 

 the Cook County (111.) Normal School as its 

 principal. He was born at Bedford, N. H., 

 -tudied at various academies and at the Uni- 

 ity of Berlin, and began to teach in his na- 

 tive state. When the War of Secession broke out 

 he joined the Union army and served through- 

 out the war, rising to the rank of colonel; when 

 peace was restored he refused to enter politics, 

 but returned to the profession of teaching. 



As principal of various schools he demon- 

 strated his unusual ability, and in 1883 was 

 made principal of the Cook County Normal 

 School (after 1896 the Chicago Normal School). 

 In ls.!> he was made president of the Chicago 

 In-tituii . i in \\- -chool of pedagogy founded by 

 Mr-. Kmmt>n> Blame, m the administration >f 

 uh ich post he died. 



Colonel Parker was tho inventor of no new 

 educational method; he advocated a natural 

 method and was opposed to strict adherence to 

 set forms; he showed great skill and individu- 

 ality in his application of the theories of 1 

 bel and Pestalowi to the needs of ever-chang- 

 ing times. He wrote Talks on Teaching, How 

 to Study Geography and Talks on Pedagogics. 



