PAS 



4520 



PASHA 



a thing would have meant ruin;" yet the 

 nstinction between the parts of 

 speech remains. 



Related Subjects. A detailed discussion of 

 the various parts of speech will be found in the 

 following articles in these volumes : 

 Adjective Noun 



. rb Pronoun 



Conjunction Preposition 



Interjection Verb 



PAS, formerly known as LE PAS (lepah), or 

 Tm: PAS. a town in the central-western part 

 of Manitoba. It is on the Saskatchewan River 

 ami the Canadian Northern Railway, and is 

 the southern terminus of the Hudson Bay Rail- 

 way (see HUDSON BAY, for map). The comple- 

 tion of this new railway will add greatly to the 

 commercial importance of the town. It is 258 

 miles east of Prince Albert by rail, and eighty- 

 ii miles northeast of Hudson Bay Junction, 

 where connection is made with the Winnipeg- 

 Prince Albert line. Population in 1916, about 

 2,500. 



The vicinity of Pas has a supply of timber 

 which is almost unlimited, and the town's larg- 

 est industrial plant is a lumber mill, with 500 

 employees and a monthly output of 5,000,000 

 feet of lumber. The town has a station of the 

 Royal Northwest Mounted Police, a Dominion 

 lands office and an Indian agency for the ad- 

 joining reservation. Some gold and copper has 

 been found in the neighborhood, and the fish- 

 ing and hunting are excellent. 



PASADE'NA, CAL., a beautiful residential 

 city, and a health and winter resort, situated in 

 Angeles County, nine miles northeast of 

 the city of Los Angeles and twenty miles from 

 t IK Pacific Ocean. It is served by the Atchison, 

 Topeka & Santa Fe, the San Pedro, Los An- 

 geles & Salt Lake and the Southern Pacific rail- 

 roads, and by interurban lines. In 1910 the 

 population was 30,291; in 1916 it was 46,450 

 (Federal estimate). 



lena occupies an area of eleven square 

 miles in the upper San Gabriel Valley, and is 

 surrounded by flourishing orange and lemon 

 groves. To the north and east are the Sierra 

 Madre Mountains; in the vicinity are fine au- 

 tomobile roads and private estates commanding 

 magnificent views of the mountains and plains. 

 On Mount Wilson is the Solar Observatory of 

 the Carnegie Institute of Washington; Mount 

 Lowe and Echo Mountain are other prominent 

 hills near the city. Pasadena has live small 

 parks (the largest containing twenty acres), and 

 the Busch Sunken Gardens. 



The prominent buildings are the Federal 

 building, erected in 1915 at a cost of $250,000, 

 four palatial hotels, a public library, a $200,000 

 high school, hospitals and churches-. The edu- 

 cational institutions include the Throop College 

 of Technology, the Nazarine University and a 

 number of excellent private schools. The prin- 

 cipal business of the city is the preparation of 

 citrus fruits for the market. Industrial estab- 

 lishments include packing houses, drying and 

 canning factories, and manufactories of wood- 

 work, boots and shoes, cut glass, flour and brick. 



Pasadena, was settled in 1874 by. colonists 

 from Indianapolis, Ind.. who planted and culti- 

 vated the first orchards here. It was incor- 

 porated in 1886 and in 1913 adopted the com- 

 mission form of government. The electric light 

 plant, water system and sewer farm and incin- 

 erator are owned and operated by the munici- 

 pality. 



PAS'CAL, BLAISE (1623-1662), and PAS- 

 CAL'S LAW. This French philosopher, mathe- 

 matician and author was born at Clermont- 

 Ferrand. He early attracted the attention of 

 Descartes and others by his mathematical gen- 

 ius, displayed particularly in his Geometry of 

 Conies, which appeared in 1639. Through his 

 sister he became interested in the Jansenist 

 faith, and in 1654 allied himself with the con- 

 vent at Port Royal. In 1656-57 he wrote his 

 Provincial Letters, directed against the Jesuits; 

 these attacks were masterpieces of irony, though 

 not always sound in scholarship. His Thought* 

 were published in 1670, arid were supplemented 

 with an Apology jor the Christian Rcli(/iu>i. (a 

 defense of Jansenism), which was never com- 

 pleted. Always faithful to his interest in the de- 

 velopment of science, Pascal maintained, how- 

 ever, that the only perfect knowledge comes 

 through Christian revelation. His Thoughts are 

 a mixture of sophistry and expressions of great 

 profundity, and reveal extraordinary intelli- 

 gence. In physics he contributed a theorem 

 which bears his name. This is properly known 

 as Pascal's Law; it relates to the mechanics of 

 fluids, and is as follows: 



Pressure exerted anywhere upon the surface of 

 a liquid enclosed in a vessel is transmitted un- 

 diminished in all directions, and acts with equal 

 force upon all equal surfaces, and at right angles 

 to the surfaces. 



With Fermat he also worked on the theory 

 of probabilities. He was among the first to at- 

 tempt a philosophy of mathematics. 



PASHA, pa shah' , a title granted by tin; Mil- 

 tan of Turkey and by the khedive of Egypt 



