PATERSON 



4525 



PATNA 



the Colonial Conference at London in 1902 and 

 later was special trade commissioner to con- 

 sider the relations between Canada and the 

 \Y -T. Indies. In 1911 he assisted William Ste- 

 vens Fielding in negotiating the Taft-Fielding 

 reciprocity treaty with the United States. The 

 fall of the Laurier government, which had ap- 

 pealed to the people to endorse the treaty, was 

 followed by Paterson's retirement to pn 



PAT'ERSON, N. .1., the county seat of Pas- 

 County, the third largest city in the state, 

 ranking next to Newark and Jersey City, and 

 an important manufacturing center. It is si\- 

 miles northwest of New York City, twelve 

 milt's nortli of Newark, and on the Passaic 

 r and the Delaware. Larka wanna & West- 

 ern, the Erie and the New York, Susquehanna 

 & Western railroads and interurban lines. In 

 1910 the population was 125,600; in 1916 it 

 138,443 (Federal estimate). Paterson is cora- 

 iy built, its area being but little more than 

 right square miles. 



The Passaic River at this point descends 

 nearly seventy feet, fifty feet in a single fall, 

 rcumstance which led to the selection of 

 this site for the establishment of a manufac- 

 turing community. Alexander Hamilton, inter- 

 1 in effecting the commercial independence 

 of t ! - <>m Europe, was one of 



tin organi/ers of the "Society for the Establish- 

 ing of Useful Manufactures." In 1791 this so- 

 secured a charter and founded the city of 

 Paterson. The first plants-cotton mills and 

 paper mills have gradually been replaced by 

 other e-t,il)li.~hments. In 350 plants, making 

 >ilk of every kind, is manufactured more silk 

 than in any other city of the United St 

 Over 25,000 operatives are employed in this in- 

 ry and $50,000,000 is the approximate value 

 of the annual output. Other important manu- 

 are locomotives, machinery, shirts, 

 twine, thread and rugs. The total annual value 

 "i i -rod products is about $70,000,000 



1'roi 'lire, of the citv m ill' I . 



<it\ hall, 



public I:'' 1 M C. A UK] \ \VC \ 



building, th.- I BOOM ami the high school 



building ; ,nd 



.<le.s of tin . !".. \mnni: the 

 leading : are the 



i'h'- h"M : -v iiurM-n 



jli:ui asylums and an Old La I ( -\- 



ns. 



Founded in 1791, Paterson was incorporated 

 as a city in 1851. In 1907 the commission form 

 of government was adopted. The city was rap- 

 idly rebuilt after a fire and flood in 1902. J.M.F. 



PATHOLOGY, pathol'oji, a term derived 

 from two Greek words meaning science oj dis- 

 ease. Pathology may be defined as the science 

 which treats of the modifications in function and 

 the changes in structure produced in any part 

 or organ of the human body by disease. See 

 the article DISEASE and appended list of related 

 subjects. 



Consult Adami and McCrea's A Textbook of 

 Pathology; Delafield and Pruden's Pathological 

 Anatomy and Histology. 



PAT'MOS, a volcanic island in the Mediter- 

 ranean Sea, off the coast of Asia Minor, about 

 ten miles long and six miles broad, belonging to 

 Turkey. Its only claim to fame rests on its 

 mention in the Bible as the island to which 

 Saint John was banished and where he received 

 the visions described in the book of Revelation. 

 The island is bare and rocky, and the inhabit- 

 ants are chiefly occupied in fishing. The skill 

 of the islanders as sailors is proverbial. 



A monastery dedicated to the memory of 

 Saint John was established on Patm'os in 1088, 

 which flourished for centuries. The library pos- 

 sessed many valuable manuscripts, which 1. 

 nearly all been sold. The population is about 

 4,000. Conditions on the island under Turkish 

 rule have steadily grown worse, and Patmos is 

 far from flourishing. 



PATNA, put' na, the chief city and capital of 

 a division of the same name in British India. 

 It is situated in the district of Bengal, on the 

 right bank of the Ganges River, 332 miles north- 

 west of Calcutta, and in commercial importance 

 ranks next to the latter among the cities of 

 Bengal. Its opium factories are the largest in 

 India, and it is known aUn for its bazars and a 

 thriving trade in indigo. It, is served by the 

 chief railway of the valley of the (langes. The 

 majority of the inhabitants are Hindus, but 

 there arc about 40,000 Mohammedans and a 

 il number <>f Chn-tiati-. Tin- jmpulat ion. 

 in 1911, was 136.153. 



I'.itna. including the suburbs, extends along 

 the river hank for nine miles. It has narrow, 

 tl and few buildings of note 



the Human Catholic cathedral and the 



mment olli. .- and college. It i* nn old 

 community. ha\mg lloun-h-d under the t: 



( 'itv four centuries befoi ' 



Bnti-h t.M.k : ' ' di-tnct in 1763, 



as a result of a quarrel b<tu,n th. n ; 



