SCOTT 



5269 



SCRANTON 



but the incident was not without its effect on 

 his party's popularity. 



SCOTT, WINFIELD (1786-1866), an American 

 soldier who distinguished himself in active 

 service in the War of 1812 and the Mexican 

 War, and who was kept from fighting in the 

 War of Secession only by his advanced age. 

 Scott was born at 

 Petersburg, Va. 

 Though educated 

 for the law he en- 

 tered the army in 

 early manhood, 

 and upon the 

 outbreak of the 

 War of 1812 was 

 commissione d 

 lieutenant-colonel 

 and went to the 

 Canadian border. 



At the Battle of 



WINF i ELD SCO TT 

 H e fought in two wars, was 

 commander of the United 

 States army, and was pre- 

 Heights he was vented only by age from serv- 

 taken prisoner, ing in a third great war. 

 but was later exchanged, and in 1814 fought at 

 Chippewa and at Lundy's Lane. At the close 

 of the war Congress conferred upon him the 

 rank of major-general. Scott's next service was 

 the preparation of the first complete manual 

 of military tactics ever compiled for the United 

 States army. During the next few years he 

 was active in Indian affairs, and in 1841 suc- 

 ceeded General Macomb as commander of the 

 army. 



Then came the war with Mexico. In the 

 spring of 1847 Scott took chief command in the 

 enemy's territory, and when the war closed he 

 had to his credit the victories of Vera Cruz, 

 Cerro Gordo, Contreras, Churubusco, Molino 

 del Rey and Chapultepec, and the capture of 

 Mexico City (see MEXICAN WAR). Though 

 "Old Fuss and Feathers" as he was affection- 

 ately called by his men, returned from the war 

 a national hero, he was defeated for President 

 in the campaign of 1852, in which he headed the 

 Whig ticket. Congress revived the rank of lieu- 

 tenant-general for him in 1855, and it was con- 

 ferred upon him by brevet. In 1861 he retired 

 from active service, and five years later died at 

 West Point. A two-volume autobiography was 

 published by him in 1864. 



SCOTTI, skot'e, ANTONIO (1866- ), an 

 Italian basso whose excellent voice and high 

 talents as an actor have brought him into the 

 front rank of operatic stars. He was born in 

 Naples. At the age of twenty-three he made 



his first appearance in grand opera at Malta, 

 playing the role of Amonasro in Aida. His 

 debut gave promise of future greatness which 

 later tours in Europe and America . abundantly 

 fulfilled. In 1899 

 he sang for the 

 first time in the 

 Metropolitan Op- 

 era House, New 

 York, and there- 

 after appeared 

 regularly with 

 the Metropolitan 

 organization. His 

 repertory includes 

 Don Giovanni, 

 Faust, Othello, 

 La Tosca and ANTONIO SCOTTI 



// Pagliacci, his finest work being done in Mo- 

 zart's Don Giovanni. 



SCRANTON, skran'tun, PA., the county seat 

 of Lackawanna County, is the third largest city 

 in the state, ranking next to Philadelphia and 

 Pittsburgh. Its population, which was 129,867 

 in 1910, had increased to 146,811 (Federal esti- 

 mate) in 1916. Scranton is located in a valley 

 of the Alleghany Mountains, at the mouth of 

 Roaring Creek on the Lackawanna River, and 

 in the northeastern part of the state, eighteen 

 miles northeast of Wilkes-Barre and 134 miles 

 northwest of New York City. It is on the 

 Central of New Jersey, the Delaware, Lacka- 

 wanna & Western, the Delaware & Hudson, the 

 Erie and the New York, Ontario & Western 

 railroads. 



Scranton occupies an area of nearly twenty 

 square miles on an undulating plateau averag- 

 ing 800 feet above the sea. Some of the hills 

 in the vicinity rise more than 1,000 feet higher. 

 The surrounding region is rich in anthracite 

 coal ; the shipping of coal and the manufacture 

 of heavy hardware and of textiles are the 

 city's chief industries. Local estimates report 

 an annual output of twenty million tons of 

 coal from within a radius of ten miles of the 

 city, a production worth fifty-four million dol- 

 lars. The coal industry gives employment to 

 about 45,000 men. The principal articles manu- 

 factured are nuts and bolts, foundry products, 

 locomotive and stationary engines, knit goods, 

 buttons, lace curtains and silk. 



Nay Aug Park (ninety acres), situated among 

 hills in the eastern part of the city, has, among 

 other attractions, a fine swimming lake and 

 bath houses and the Everhart Museum of Nat- 

 ural History. Adjoining Nay Aug is Luna 



