SHERRY 



5351 



SHIELD 



lege (Christian), Kidd-Key Conservatory of 

 Music and Saint Joseph's Academy. Two hos- 

 pitals conduct nurses' training schools. Sher- 

 man has a Federal building completed in 1907 

 at a cost of $145,000, a Carnegie Library, a 

 Y. M. C. A. building, Saint Vincent's Sanita- 

 rium, and Birge and Fielder parks. Among the 

 city's manufacturing plants flour mills are of 

 first importance, with an annual production of 

 between $3,000,000 and $4,000,000. Cottonseed- 

 oil products, including cooking compounds and 

 soap, manufactured here, find a large home 

 market and are shipped to Mexico and South 

 and Central America. Washing compounds, 

 patent medicines, duck cloth, overalls and can- 

 dies are also manufactured. Cotton growing and 

 stock raising are the chief interests of the sur- 



county of Scotland. From these islands come 

 the famous Shetland ponies, and they are also 

 the home of a small breed of cattle and a 

 breed of sheep noted for their long, fine wool. 

 The islands number about 100, but less than 

 thirty of them are inhabited, and in some cases 

 the population is limited to the lighthouse in- 

 mates and a few shepherds. The total area is 

 352,319 acres, or about 556 square miles, and 

 the population (1911 census) is 27,911. Main- 

 land, the largest of the group, contains the 

 county seat, Lerwick. These islands possess 

 wild and picturesque scenery, and their rugged 

 coasts are deeply indented. The people are 

 engaged chiefly in fishing for herring, ling and 

 cod, but many of them raise cattle, sheep and 

 ponies, and the cultivation of oats, barley and 



a 



SHIELDS OF ANCIENT AND MEDIEVAL DAYS 



(a) Greek; (6) Roman; (c) shield of William the Conqueror (about 1066) ; (d) shield of the Eng- 



(e) method of holding the shield. 



lish Crusader in the Third Crusade (1189-1191) 



rounding agricultural region. Sherman adopted 

 the commission form of government in 1915. 



SHERRY, sher'i, a dry wine containing 

 about fourteen per cent of alcohol, named from 

 the town of Jerez, in Spain, around which lie 

 the choicest vineyards of the kingdom. The 

 finest grades of sherry are amontillado and 

 manzanilla. Genuine sherry is white in color 

 and has a delicate flavor. Several commercial 

 varieties are found on the market. These are 

 darkened by being mixed with brandy and 

 other spirits, and are often amber colored. A 

 light, white wine in imitation of Spanish sherry 

 is made in California. 



SHET'LAND ISLANDS, the most northerly 

 possession of Great Britain in Europe, an 

 island group lying between the Atlantic Ocean 

 and the North Sea. They are about fifty miles 

 northeast of the Orkney Islands, which lie off 

 the north coast of Scotland, and are 210 miles 

 west of Norway. The Shetlands constitute a 



vegetables is also carried on. Hosiery and 

 shawls are the principal articles of manufac- 

 ture. On the Shetlands have been found many 

 interesting relics of the Stone Age (which see). 



SHIELD, sheeld, a word of unknown origin, 

 describing a piece of defensive armor borne on 

 the left arm or carried in the left hand to ward 

 off missiles and blows of a sword. In various 

 forms and sizes it was the principal defense in 

 battle from the most ancient days down to the 

 time of the introduction of firearms. At the 

 present time savage nations still carry shields 

 to war. In the early Middle Ages the shield 

 was the most important part of the equipment 

 of both horse and foot soldiers. If held at 

 arm's length it was called a buckler; if swung 

 over the arm with the arm across the body it 

 was termed a target. 



Vikings of old, when setting out in their 

 ships, hung their shields over the sides of the 

 boat. In the twelfth century it was customary 



