STARVATION 



5534 



STATE 



erick, Md., while on the other side of the con- 

 tinent a great statue in memory of him, the 

 gift of James Lick, looks out upon the Pacific 

 from Golden Gate Park, San Francisco. 



On September 13, 1914, the city of Balti- 

 more celebrated with an appropriate program 

 the hundredth anniversary of the writing of 

 the song. E.D.F. 



Related Subjects. The reader is referred to 

 the following articles in these volumes: 

 America Hymns, National 



Baltimore, subhead Key, Francis Scott 



History War of 1812 (with 



Hail Columbia illustration) 



STARVA'TION. See FASTING. 



STARVED ROCK, a picturesque, flat-topped 

 bluff rising sheer above the water on the Illi- 

 nois River (see illustration opposite page 2927, 

 in article ILLINOIS). It is located near Utica, 

 in LaSalle County, Illinois. The rock is 125 

 feet in elevation and is one of the highest bluffs 

 in the state. Here, in pioneer days, a band of 

 Indians were besieged until they starved to 

 death. From this episode came the name. 

 Starved Rock and considerable surrounding 

 territory have been constituted a state park 

 by act of the legislature of Illinois. 



STATE, a group of persons who are perma- 

 nently located within a definite territory, wholly 

 independent of any outside control, living un- 

 der an organized government which is their 

 supreme authority, and to which all render 

 highest temporal allegiance. The ancient idea 

 of the state was a system of tyranny, insti- 

 tuted for the purpose of forcing an unwilling 

 service upon the people. The modern idea is 

 that of a system of service for the people, to 

 give them the largest possible freedom and to 

 carry out the will of the people collectively ex- 

 pressed. Sir William Jones patriotically sum- 

 marized the true meaning of the word, in his 

 poem beginning 



What constitutes a state? 



Not high-raised battlement, or labored mound, 



Thick wall or moated gate ; 



Not cities fair, with spires and turrets crowned, 



But men, high-minded men 



In the United States the word is used for the 

 political subdivisions of the Union. The name 

 was originally chosen for each of the thirteen 

 colonies, after they declared themselves inde- 

 pendent of Great Britain and before they had 

 adopted a Federal Constitution. At that time 

 each state was an independent, sovereign power. 

 When, by the adoption of a common Consti- 

 tution, they formed the United States of 



Outline on the State 



I. Location 



(1) Latitude 



(2) Longitude 



(3) Boundaries 



(a) Natural 



(b) Artificial 



II. Size 



(1) Length 



(2) Breadth 



(3) Area 



( a ) Actual 



(b) Compared with that of prov- 



inces and other states 



III. Physical Features 



(1) General surface facts 



(a) Mountains or hills 



(b) Plains 



(c) Watersheds 



(2) Effects on climate 



(3) Drainage 



(a) Rivers 



(b) Lakes 



IV. Climate 



(1) Conditions that might be expected, 



owing to latitude 



(2) Variations and their cause 



(3) Rainfall 



(4) Healthfulness or unhealthfulness 



V. Resources and Industries 



(1) Minerals 



(a) Varieties 



(b) Location 



(c) Rank among states 



(2) Agriculture 



(a) Crops 



(b) Stock raising 



(c) Dairying 



(d) Rank among states 



(3) Fisheries 



(a) Sea or inland 



(b) Rank among states 



(4) Manufactures 



(a) Principal articles produced 



(b) Rank among states 



VI. Transportation and Commerce 



(1) Railways 



(2) Rivers and canals 



(3) Commercial centers 



(4) Value of trade 



VII. The People 



(1) Population 



(2) Density 



(3) Race 



(a) Native Americans 



(b) Foreign born 



(4) Rate of increase 



( 5 ) Special characteristics 



VIII. Government 



(1) Departments 



(a) Executive 



(b) Legislative 



(c) Judicial 



(2) Special features 



(3) State institutions 



IX. Education and Religion 



(1) Public school system 



(2) Institutions of higher learning 



(3) Churches represented 

 (a) Dominant religion 



X. History 



( 1 ) Exploration 



(2) First settlements 



(3) Interesting events 



(4) Admission to Union 



(5) Recent progress 



