SUDAN GRASS 



5612 



SUDERMANN 



is increasing as a result of the investigation and 

 work of the government in the elimination of 

 the cattle disease. Gold is the only mineral 

 which at present is being mined successfully, 

 though iron and silver are also found in abun- 

 dance. 



The English have introduced modern im- 

 provements in communication and transporta- 

 tion; in 1914 there were 1,550 miles of rail- 

 road; 2,100 miles of local telegraph, besides 

 telegraphic communication with Cairo and two 

 cities of Eritrea. Mail and messages are de- 

 livered by native carriers from seventy-five 

 post offices. There are many schools through- 

 out the Sudan where natives are taught read- 

 ing, writing and arithmetic in their own lan- 

 guage, and six primary schools in the chief 

 cities, having an attendance of about 1,000 pu- 

 pils. Boys are given further training in the 

 government offices, industrial workshops and at 

 Gordon College in Khartum. The education 

 of women has been begun, and there are now 

 three girls' schools in which over 175 pupils are 

 enroled. The work of the scientific research 

 laboratory for the furtherance of agricultural 

 experiment and education is doing much to de- 

 velop the agricultural possibilities of the region. 

 As in Egypt, English control is proving to be 

 a great factor in the development of the coun- 

 try and the enlightenment of its inhabitants. 

 The number of people is not known. E.B.P. 



Related Subjects. The following articles in 

 these volumes will be of interest in this connec- 

 tion : 



Congo River Khartum 



Gordon, Charles George Niger 

 Ivory Sahara 



SUDAN GRASS, a hay plant belonging to 

 the sorghum family, introduced into the United 

 States in 1909 from Khartum, Sudan, by the 

 Federal Department of Agriculture. First 

 tested in Texas, it gave such excellent results 

 that since then thousands of acres have been 

 planted in the South and Southwest, both in 

 humid and in irrigated sections. Sudan grass 

 has a fibrous root system and is grown from 

 seed which must be planted every year, as it is 

 an annual. As it has no perpetual rootstock, 

 there is no danger of its becoming a weed and 

 a pest. The grass is cultivated both as a forage 

 plant and for its seed. Sudan hay has a higher 

 feeding value than timothy, and is liked by 

 stock, especially hogs. It is one of the best 

 drought-resisting plants known to American 

 farmers, and can be grown on almost any kind 

 of soil. Two cuttings of hay a year can be 



obtained in semiarid regions, and three in 

 humid sections. The first crop matures in from 

 sixty to eighty days. 



SUDBURY, sud'beri, a town in Ontario, the 

 capital of the Sudbury district. It is in North- 

 ern Ontario, about 180 miles north of Georgian 

 Bay, and by rail is seventy-nine miles west of 

 North Bay and 262 miles north of Toronto. It 

 is on the main line of the Canadian Pacific and 

 the Algoma Eastern railways, and is on a 

 branch, running to Sudbury Junction, of the 

 Canadian Northern. Population in 1911, 4,150; 

 in 1916, 6,500. 



Sudbury is the heart of the greatest nickel- 

 mining district in the world. All the activities 

 of the town are subordinate to this one indus- 

 try. It is estimated that over sixty per cent 

 (20,000 tons) of the world's annual output of 

 nickel comes from the Sudbury district. The 

 town has a number of fine buildings, including 

 the $150,000 post office, erected in 1915; and 

 the Nickel Range Hotel, built in the same year 

 for the same cost. A large flour mill was 

 built in 1910 at a cost of $750,000. Sudbury 

 was settled in 1884 and was named for Sudbury, 

 England. In 1896 it acquired ownership of the 

 electric light and water plants. 



SUDERMANN, zoo' dermahn, HERMANN 

 (1857- ), a dramatist and novelist, born at 

 Matzsicken, Prussia. He was educated in the 

 public schools of Elbing and Tilsit, Prussia, and 

 in the University of Konigsberg, Germany, 

 where he made a close study of history, litera- 

 ture and philosophy. For a short time he was 

 a private teacher in Berlin, but in 1881 he be- 

 came editor of a newspaper in that city and 

 three years later began to devote his entire 

 time to writing plays and fiction. 



His earlier novels, Dame Care and Regina, 

 attracted very little attention, but in 1889 he 

 sprang into national fame with his drama of 

 German life, Ehre. It pleased the German peo- 

 ple because it presented a true and powerful 

 picture of the class or caste distinctions in their 

 home land, while to foreigners it appealed as a 

 stirring and skilfully written play. Two 

 gloomy but truthful tragedies, The End of 

 Sodom and Magda, followed, dealing with the 

 strained, artificial life of the modern city. The 

 lastrnamed play has been presented in nearly 

 every country of Europe and has met with suc- 

 cess in America. Among other dramas that 

 have made an international impression should 

 be mentioned Morituri, The Fires of St. John, 

 The Joy of Living and Stone upon Stone. 

 Doubtless his most powerful novel is It Was. 



