TERRITORIAL EXPANSION 



5764 



TERRITORY 



the Dandle Dinmont, together with the Shaw- 

 tung (like the Skye) of Japan and the soft- 

 haired terrier of Malta. Terriers, owing to 

 their affectionate disposition, make delightful 



"REX" 

 A fine specimen of bull terrier. 



household pets, but their tempers depend on 

 good treatment, and their health demands a 

 daily walk or romp. 



TERRITORIAL EXPANSION OF THE 

 UNITED STATES . See article UNITED STATES, 

 subtitle Growth in Area and in Population. 



TERRITORY, ter'i to ri, in the United States, 

 the name given to parts of the national do- 

 main which have not yet been formed into 

 states. In this general sense the term has in- 

 cluded, at various times, the following classes: 

 (1) organized territories; (2) unorganized ter- 

 ritories; (3) the District of Columbia; (4) insu- 

 lar possessions. 



The government of all territories is under 

 the direction of Congress, to whom the Consti- 

 tution gives the right "to make all needful rules 

 and regulations respecting the territory or other 

 property belonging to the United States." The 

 government of a territory is somewhat like that 

 of a state, but it differs in that the authority 

 of all territorial officials is derived from the 

 national government. An organized territory, 



such as Alaska, has a governor appointed by 

 the President, with the consent of the Senate, 

 for four years, and a territorial legislature 

 elected by the voters. The judges of the lower 

 courts are also elected, but those of the higher 

 courts are appointed by the President. In un- 

 organized territories, there are no elected offi- 

 cials of any kind, all being appointed by the 

 President, with the consent of the Senate. 

 Thus the laws of the United States are ex- 

 tended to the unorganized territories, and are 

 in fact their only laws; in an organized terri- 

 tory the acts of the legislature are subject to 

 veto by Congress. There are now no unorgan- 

 ized territories, a measure of self-government 

 having been granted even in the Philippines. 



In the Philippine Islands, the Hawaiian 

 Islands and Porto Rico, territorial government 

 has been established. The District of Colum- 

 bia, while usually defined as a territory, does 

 not properly belong in that classification. 



The territories have no regular Representa- 

 tives in Congress; Alaska and the Hawaiian 

 Islands, however, each send one Delegate 

 (which see), who is assigned a seat in the 

 House of Representatives; he may take part 

 in debates which relate to his territory, and 

 he may serve on committees, but he has nc 

 vote. The Philippine Islands and Porto Rice 

 are represented in Congress by "resident com- 

 missioners," whose position is similar to thai 

 of the Delegates, except they are not assignee 

 to committees. The territories usually senc 

 delegates to the national conventions of the 

 great political parties. 



Ordinarily, when a territory was first formed 

 it was unorganized ; later, as its population grew 

 it was organized. After it had been a territory 

 long enough to be fit, in the judgment of Con- 

 gress, for statehood, it was admitted to the Un- 

 ion. Political considerations have usually beer 

 the important factors in determining whethei 

 or not a state should be admitted. No genera 

 rules were laid down for admission, but it was 

 the rule that a territory should not become i 

 state until it had enough people to entitle it t( 

 one member in the House of Representatives 

 Nevada, admitted in 1864, was a notable ex 

 ception, for it had only 20,000 inhabitants a 

 the time of its admission. Kansas was a ter 

 ritory for only four years before its admission 

 whereas Arizona and New Mexico waited sixtj 

 years. 



For details of the government of the exist 

 ing territories, see the subhead Government ii 

 the articles on ALASKA; HAWAII; PHILIPPINI 



