TEXAS 



5776 



TEXTILE 



Texarkana, as its name would indicate, is 

 partially in Texas and partially in Arkansas. 



The last fight in the War of Secession took 

 place in Western Texas on May 13, 1865. 



The climate in San Antonio and its environs 

 is so healthful that it has given rise among the 

 inhabitants to the saying "If you want to die 

 here you must go somewhere else." 



Not far from El Paso there is a cave which 

 is carefully avoided by the Indians, because 

 they believe it to be haunted by the ghosts of 

 the Apaches, a band of whom were driven into 

 this cave by their enemies and kept there until 

 they starved. Unexplainable noises are to be 

 heard in various parts of the cave. 



The inhabitants of Houston call the people of 

 Galveston "land crabs," and the latter retaliate 

 by calling the former "mud turtles." E.B.P. 



Consult Brady's Conquest of the Southwest; 

 Davis's Under Six Flags; Lubbock's Six Decades 

 in Texas. 



Related Subjects. The reader who desires 

 more detailed information with reference to Texas 

 may consult the following articles in these vol- 

 umes: 



CITIES 



Abilene 



Amarillo 



Austin 



Beaumont 



Brownsville 



Cleburne 



Corpus Christi 



Corsicana 



Dallas 



Denison 



El Paso 



Fort Worth 



Galveston 



Greenville 



Alamo 



Guadalupe Hidalgo, 

 Treaty of. 



Houston 



Laredo 



Marshall 



Palestine 



Paris 



San Angelo 



San Antonio 



Sherman 



Temple 



Texarkana 



Tyler 



Waco 



Wichita Falls 



Houston, Sam 

 Louisiana Purchase 

 Mexican War 



LEADING PRODUCTS 



Corn Peach 



Cotton Petroleum 



Cottonseed Oil Pine 



Kafir Corn Rice 



Lumber Sugar 

 Mule 



RIVERS 



Brazos Red 



Canadian Rio Grande 



Colorado Sabine 

 Pecos 



TEXAS, UNIVERSITY OF, a state university 

 at Austin, founded in 1876, when the state 

 legislature made a land grant of 1,000,030 acres. 

 In 1883, when the institution first began ses- 

 sions, it received a grant of another million 



acres. Federal land grants were never a part 

 of the endowment of the University of Texas. 

 The university is organized into the colleges of 

 arts, literature, science, law, engineering, educa- 

 tion and medicine. Recently a department of 

 journalism was added. The department of 

 medicine is located at Galveston, and in con- 

 nection with it are the school of pharmacy and 

 the John Sealey Hospital. The university also 

 conducts extension courses, which have grown 

 steadily in popularity and have been of great 

 benefit to the teachers of Texas. The uni- 

 versity has a faculty of nearly 200 instructors, 

 and the student enrollment is over 2,700. The 

 library contains about 123,000 volumes. 



TEXTILE, teks'til, a woven fabric, the 

 name being derived from the Latin textilis, 

 meaning "woven." In general use textile is an 

 all-inclusive term for woven goods and articles 

 made from them, divided into a number of 

 groups: cotton goods of all kinds; woolens, 

 worsteds and felt goods; carpets and rugs; 

 hosiery and other knit goods; silks; linen, jute, 

 cordage and twine. The details of the processes 

 by which all these varieties of textiles are 

 made are given elsewhere. 



Textile Industry. All of these textile prod- 

 ucts have been manufactured for hundreds of 

 years, but it is only since 1800 that the manu- 

 facture of textiles may be called a separate in- 

 dustry. Once it was customary for each house- 

 hold to produce most of the things it needed. 

 The mother frequently spun the woolen yarn, 

 wove it into cloth, and made the cloth into 

 clothes. Later in the household system, cer- 

 tain families and certain sections devoted their 

 time to the making of cloth, all the work be- 

 ing done at home. These goods they sold at 

 annual fairs, or to a middleman who traveled 

 from house to house to make his purchases. 



A further advance took place when a number 

 of workmen assembled in a single house and 

 worked for wages ; this was the custom in Eng- 

 lish carding and fulling mills long before the 

 end of the eighteenth century. Between 1750 

 and 1800 came the inventions of Arkwright, 

 Hargreaves and others, destined to revolution- 

 ize the textile industry. It was the first to 

 adopt the typical factory form of organization, 

 which it has retained and developed to this 

 day. It is a curious fact, however, that in at 

 least one branch of the textile industry the 

 household form has persisted in spite of the 

 growth of factories. In the manufacture of 

 ready-made clothing the sweatshop still has 

 its place, although it is slowly disappearing. 



