TOGOLAND 



5828 



TOKYO 



TOGOLAND, toh'goland, a colony on the 

 Gulf of Guinea, on the West Coast of Africa, 

 annexed by Germany in 1884 and captured by 

 British troops in 1916. The coast line of Togo- 

 land is only thirty-two miles in length, but the 

 colony extends far inland and covers a total 

 area of 33,000 square miles. The climate is hot 

 and unhealthful; of the population, number- 

 ing about 2,500,000, only 200 are whites. The 

 capital and chief port is Lome, with a popula- 

 tion of 5,000, once an important center of the 

 slave trade. Many small streams flow from the 

 interior into the Gulf of Guinea. There is a 

 short line of narrow-gauge railroad between 

 Lome on the coast and Little Popo, an impor- 

 tant trading post in the interior. 

 i The principal exports are palm oil, rubber, 

 ivory and copra. Elephants and lions are found 

 in the interior, but the elephants have been so 

 much hunted for ivory that they are becoming 

 scarce. Yams, corn, bananas, ginger, tobacco 

 and cocoa are extensively cultivated, but not 

 yet in sufficient quantities for export. The 

 natives are expert wood carvers, and have con- 

 siderable knowledge of dyeing and weaving. 



TOKYO, or TOKIO, toh'ke o, the capital and 

 largest city of the Japanese Empire, is situ- 

 ated on the Bay of Tokyo, on the southeastern 

 shore of the island of Hondo. It covers an 



area of thirty square miles and has a popula- 

 tion of 2,033,321, ranking sixth among the cities 

 of the world (see CITY, page 1393). In Tokyo 

 the traveler sees the effect of Japan's accept- 

 ance of Western ideas, for narrow, unsanitary 



streets have been widened to make thorough- 

 fares for electric cars, and many new buildings 

 of modern architecture have been erected. A 

 magnificent system supplies the city with water 

 obtained from Lake Inokami, fifteen miles dis- 

 tant, and there are plants for electric and gas 

 illumination. Electric cars, though they have 

 decreased the number of jinrikishas (see page 

 3152), have not entirely replaced those pic- 

 turesque conveyances. 



The city is divided into unequal east and 

 west sections by the Sumida River, sometimes 

 called the "Thames of Tokyo." Along the bay 

 on both sides of the river are flat areas, con- 

 stituting lowland Tokyo, while in the western 

 outskirts rise hills from fifty to over a hundred 

 feet in height. A network of canals occupies 

 the lowland section, and these and the river are 

 spanned by numerous bridges. The most con- 

 spicuous feature of the city is the imperial 

 palace, on the site of the old castle of the 

 shogun, which was burned in 1872. Originally 

 the grounds were surrounded by three lines of 

 walls and moats. Much of the outer wall has 

 been demolished and the moat has been filled 

 up, and in the space formerly enclosed by them 

 have been erected several modern government 

 buildings. The palace is a beautiful structure 

 partly in Japanese and partly in European 

 style of architecture, and the surrounding 

 grounds constitute one of the loveliest parks in 

 Tokyo. One of the royal princes has a palace 

 characteristically American in design. 



The section east of the royal palace is occu- 

 pied by warehouses, banks, shops, newspaper 

 offices and other commercial buildings. The 

 principal business thoroughfare extends in a 

 northeasterly direction through this part of the 

 city, and is crossed by innumerable streets and 

 alleys. In this section of Tokyo one sees a 

 miscellaneous jumble of small wooden shops 

 and houses, mud buildings and modern struc- 

 tures of brick and stone. The northern part 

 of the city contains the arsenal; the Imperial 

 University (see subhead below) ; Ueno, an ex- 

 tensive park containing the Zoological Gardens, 

 the Imperial Library and the Imperial Mu- 

 seum; and a famous temple to the goddess of 

 mercy, in a spacious park that is a favorite re- 

 sort for the people on holidays. 



The section east of the river is especially 

 interesting to tourists, because here may be 

 seen the flower displays of cherry blossoms, wis- 

 taria and iris for which Tokyo is famous, and 

 the great wrestling matches, held in the temple 

 of E-ko-in. The so-called Foreign Concession 



