TUCUMAN 



TUESDAY 



covers an area of about four square miles. It 

 is situated along the Santa Cruz River, in a 

 broad valley entirely surrounded by mountains. 

 Its high altitude, 2,360 feet above sea level, and 

 its healthful, dry climate have made the city a 

 famous resort for tubercular patients. The resi- 

 dent population was 13,193 in 1910, and 16,750 

 in 1916 (Federal estimate). 



Tucson is the seat of the University of Ari- 

 zona and of the Desert Botanical Laboratory of 

 the Carnegie Institution. Other educational in- 

 itions are Saint Joseph's Academy, a Car- 

 negie Library and the United States Magnetic 

 Observatory. Among several fine buildings are 

 the Masonic Temple, erected at a cost of $100,- 

 000, and the El Paso & Southwestern Depot, 

 which, with surrounding gardens, cost $350,000. 

 Other features of interest are parks, the country 

 club, Arizona Hospital and the Tucson-Arizona 

 and Saint Mary's sanitariums! Tucson is situ- 

 ated in the heart of a rich copper country, and 

 has extensive mining interests. It is in one of 

 the oldest agricultural and stock-raising sections 

 of the state, and ships annually about $2,000,000 

 worth of cattle. Railroad shops, iron works, a 

 tannery and harness and saddle factories are in- 

 cluded among the industrial establishments. 



Tucson occupies the site of an Indian village, 

 or rancheria, deserted about 1763. The first 

 permanent settlement was a presidio, or Span- 

 ish fort, built in 1776. At that time the terri- 

 tory was under Spanish control, but eventually 

 it came into the possession of the United States 

 by the Gadsden Purchase of 1853. Tucson was 

 the capital of the territory of Arizona from 1867 

 to 1877. It was incorporated as a city in 1877, 

 and reincorporated in 1883. Historical interest 

 centers in old San Xavier Mission. M.W. 



TUCUMAN, tookoomahn', a city in Argen- 

 tine Republic, capital of the province of the 

 same name. It lies on a plateau near the base 

 of a range of the Andes, and is 300 miles north- 

 west of Cordoba and 690 miles northwest of 

 Buenos Aires. In Tucuman, on July 9, 1816, 

 was signed the declaration of ind p -luloncc from 

 Spain. The city is substantially imilt and has 

 ilar streets and attractive dwellings. Among 

 principal features are a modern catli 

 and a national university, founded in 1912. 

 city is the center of a sugar-plantation district 

 and is Ptn.lily KI-MWIMK in conn npor- 



tancc. 'I -. r.il l<>c:il manufactories. 



' Population in 1915, estimated, 66,000. 



TU'DOR, t v name <>: li-h 



royal house, whose reign, extending from 1485 

 to 1603, was a period of almost absolute royal 



authority. Most of the feudal nobility had 

 been destroyed during the Wars of the Roses, 

 but after the union of the two opposing royal 

 houses by the marriage of Henry VII to Eliza- 

 beth, the daughter of Edward IV, the great 

 body of the people were glad to have peace at 

 whatever sacrifice. Thus the king ruled with an 

 iron hand, forcing all factions to obey a com- 

 mon central law, and a greater national unity 

 was established than had existed for many 

 years, continuing down through Elizabeth's 

 reign. On the death of Elizabeth the succession 

 passed to James VI of Scotland, first of the 

 House of Stuart. The following table gives the 

 dates of the reign of each of the Tudor sover- 

 eigns: 



IIKNUY VII 



married Elizabeth, daughter 

 of Edward IV. thus uniting 

 the Houses of Lancaster and 

 York 



1485-1509 



Consult Innes's England under the Tudor*. 



Related Subject*. For the history of Eng- 

 land during the reign of the Tudor kings the 

 reader may consult the following articles In 

 these volumes : 



Edward, subhead 



Edward VI 

 England, subhead The 



Religious Struggle 



Elizabeth 

 Henry, subhead 

 Henry VII 



M ny. subhead Jfory/ 



TUDOR STYLE, that M dish archi- 



tecture which prevailed during the period of 

 the Tudors, between 1485 and 1603. It was a 

 late phase of the so-called Perpendicular * 

 a form of Gothic which was character!/. .1 >y 

 straight lines. During the nmn of Henry VIII 

 the mansions of tho gentry and nobility were 

 built on a quadrangular plan, with an n 

 and a base-court and a gatehouse between 

 them. Turrets, decorative chimneys and bay 

 and oriel windows were popular. Lai 

 period the F.l n phase of th<- Tudor 



developed; some mntry homes 



built :it tin.- tiii!< may Mill l>e >< . n in England. 

 Characteristics of the Klixnbcthan If 

 great square windows, numerous fireplaces and 

 chimneys. ram-,1 wooden staircases, gables, 



l>:iy windows, 



panel. .1 ceilings and great detail in ornamental 







TUESDAY, tw'da, the name of the third 

 day of the week, is derived from Tiu, 



name of the Norse god of war. He was the 



