TUPPER 



5903 



TURBAN 



Conservative candidate for the Nova Scotia 

 assembly. His opponent was Joseph Howe, the 

 brilliant leader of the Liberals. The election 

 resulted in a sweeping victory for the Liberals, 

 except that Howe went down to defeat before 

 Tupper. Tapper's sensational victory made him 

 second only to Johnstone, the Conservative 

 leader, in influence, and in 1864 Tupper suc- 

 ceeded him as premier of Nova Scotia. During 

 next three years Dr. Tupper was most 

 c in promoting Confederation, and it was 

 due to his efforts that Nova Scotia, in spite 

 of Howe's great influence, joined the union. 

 After Confederation was accomplished Howe 

 wont to London to secure its repeal, but Tup- 

 per, AS the representative of the new Dominion, 

 followed him there, and not only persuaded the 

 British government that repeal was unwise but 

 also persuaded Howe, who entered the Do- 

 minion Ministry six months later. 



Dr. Tupper had refused a seat in the Cabinet 

 in 1867, but he gave service in the House of 

 Commons and was recognized as one of Sir 

 John Macdonald's closest advisers. In 1870 he 

 .rned as premier of Nova Scotia and entered 

 the Dominion Ministry as President of the 

 Council, but in 1872 became Minister of Inter- 

 Revenue and in 1873 Minister of Customs, 

 years later, when the second Macdonald 

 Mini-try was formed, Dr. Tupper, as he was 

 - r :!l generally called (although he was knighted 

 in 1878), became Minister of Public Works. 

 The next year, at his suggestion, the Depart- 

 ment of Railways and Canals was created, and 

 he was its first Minister. As such he directed 

 the enlargement of the Welland Canal and im- 

 ments in the Intercolonial Railway and 

 Saint Lawrence River channel, and was a 

 r in tin negotiations which led to the con- 



f the Canadian Pacific Railway. 

 In 1883 Sir Charles went to London as Cana- 

 . h Communooer, at th<- time retain- 

 until 1884) his position in the Dominion 

 In 1887 he was called back to Ottawa 

 by a crisis in the affairs of the Canadian Pacific 

 Railway, and for a year, as Minister of Finance, 

 labored to place its finances on an easier basis, 

 returned to London as High Commis- 

 sioner, and in the same year (1888) waa created 

 a baronet . He remained in London until 1895, 

 was called again to Ottawa, to assume 

 Conservative party as 



successor to Sir Mackensie Bowell. Sir Charles 

 became Premier in April, 1896, but the Con- 

 servative party was so weakened by internal 

 quarrel:* and defections of prominent members 



that it was defeated in the general elections in 

 June. Sir Charles thereupon remained until 

 1900 as leader of the opposition. 



Consult Saunders' Thrfe Premiers of Nova 

 Scotia; Sir Charles Tupper's Recollections of 

 Sixty Years. 



Sir Charles Hibbert Tupper (1855- 

 son of Sir Charles Tupper, was born at Amheret, 

 N. S., and was educated at McGill University 

 and at the Harvard Law School. His entrance 

 into public life was accidental. In the early 

 stages of the political campaign of 1882 

 was a factional fight among the Conser 

 in Pictou, N. S. While the deadlock was in 

 progress both sides consulted young Tupper to 

 see if he, presumably through the influence of 

 his father, could effect a friendly settlement. 

 Neither of the two candidates for the House 

 of Commons would retire in favor of the other, 

 but both accepted Tupper as a compromise 

 candidate. Tupper was elected, and thereafter 

 served in the Commons until 1904. From 1888 

 to 1895 he was Minister of Marine and Fish- 

 eries, and in 1895-1896 was Minister of Justice 

 and Attorney-General. 



In 1893 Tupper was British agent before the 

 tribunal which arbitrated the Bering Sea Con- 

 troversy. For his services he was knighted by 

 Queen Victoria. In 1895, when his father be- 

 came Premier, Sir Mackenzie Bowell suggested 

 that the younger Tupper succeed his fa 

 Canadian High Commissioner at London, but 

 the father decided to appoint Lord Strathcona 

 and kept his son in tin- Ministry as Minister of 

 Justice. Sir Charles Hibbert, after 1897, prac- 

 ticed law at Vancouver, and in 1904 retired 

 from public life. It was he who suggested Rob- 

 ert Laird Borden as leader of the Consri 

 party. WJTJL. 



TUR'BAN, t! f a headdress, ) 



special reft t hat worn by men in Mo- 



hammedan <-< untn* v This name is of the same 

 origin as the word tulip, both being <1 

 from the Turkish lulbcnd, an adaptation of the 

 Persian dulband, a scarf wound round the head. 

 There are many variations in the style, site 

 and color, but in general the turban is a scarf 

 of silk, linen, cotton or oUi. folded 



around the head, or about some sort of a cap. 

 Turbans in Oriental countries show distn 

 of rank, professions, social position, ct< ! 

 India priests usually wear white headdresses; 

 the nobles, gaudy and ornamental one- 

 turban of the Turkish sultan contain* tin,,. 

 heron's feathers, and is further adorned with 

 precious stones. Two heron's feathers appear 



