UNIONTOWN 



5942 



UNITED EMPIRE LOYALISTS 



reader may consult the following articles in these 

 volumes : 



Boer Kimberley 



Botha, Louis Natal 



Cape of Good Hope Orange Free State . 



Oape-to-Cairo Railway Pretoria 



Cape Town South African War 



Diamond Transvaal 



Gold War of the Nations 



Johannesburg 



UNIONTOWN, PA., the county seat of Fa- 

 yette County, is situated in the southwest corner 

 of the state, seventy miles southeast of Pitts- 

 burgh. It is served by the Pennsylvania and 

 the Baltimore & Ohio railroads and by inter- 

 urban lines. Uniontown is industrially impor- 

 tant for its large output of coke; there are 

 more than 5,000 men employed in the coke 

 ovens of the vicinity. Near by are deposits of 

 iron ore, glass sand and natural gas. The in- 

 dustrial establishments of the city include iron, 

 steel and glass factories, foundries and machine 

 shops. Here are located the county courthouse 

 and jail and the county home for the poor. 

 Beesontown, the original settlement, named in 

 honor of its founders, was settled in 1767. The 

 place was incorporated as the borough of 

 Uniontown in 1796, and in 1915 it received a 

 city charter. The population in 1910 was 13,- 

 344; in 1916 it was 20,780 (Federal estimate). 



U'NIT. In measurement a unit is a quan- 

 tity adopted as the standard by which any 

 other quantity of the same kind is measured. 

 The standard units of measure employed in 

 science, commerce and industry have been 

 tabulated in groups called tables of denominate 

 numbers. There are units of money, of time, 

 of surface measurement, of weight, etc. For 

 the full explanation of those used in the Eng- 

 lish system, together with tables, see the article 

 DENOMINATE NUMBERS. The units employed in 

 the metric system are discussed under the head- 

 ing METRIC SYSTEM. 



Centimeter-Gram-Second System. This sys- 

 tem, known as the C.G.S. system, is used in 

 physics for convenience, as the meter is too 

 long for many calculations. The unit of length 

 is the centimeter, the unit of mass is the gram, 

 and the unit of time, the second. The unit of 

 area is the square centimeter, and the unit of 

 volume is the cubic centimeter. The unit of 

 force is the dyne, which is the force sufficient 

 to move a body weighing a gram one centi- 

 meter a second. The corresponding unit of 

 work is an erg. See DYNE; CENTIMETER. 



In Electricity. In electrical calculations the 

 unit of resistance is the ohm. The unit of 



force is the volt, which is the force required to 

 maintain a current of one ampere through a re- 

 sistance of one ohm. The joule, which is the 

 practical unit of work, equals 10,000,000 ergs, 

 and the watt is the corresponding unit of power. 

 The kilowatt, which is 1,000 watts, is a more 

 convenient unit in practice. See AMPERE; 

 WATT; VOLT. 



Thermal Unit. The quantity of heat required 

 to raise the temperature of a pound of pure 

 \\atcr one degree is known as the thermal unit; 

 in the metric sj r stem it is called a calorie. See 

 CALORIE. 



Related Subjoctn. For quicker reference to 

 the different standards, related subjects in the 

 article are referred to by groups. The reader 

 may follow the references through each group. 



UNITARIANS, unita'rianz, a religious 

 body which rejects the doctrine of the Trinity. 

 The members of this sect believe that Christ 

 was divinely appointed to teach, but that He 

 should be followed rather than worshiped. In 

 1785, King's Chapel, in Boston, omitted from 

 its Book of Prayer all mention of the Trinity 

 and the deity of Christ. The idea spread 

 throughout New England and the Eastern 

 states, largely as an intellectual revolt from the 

 rigid teachings of Calvinism. In 1815 Trinita- 

 rian Congregationalists were called upon to 

 separate themselves from the "Liberals," and 

 William Ellery Channing became the champion 

 of Unitarianism, molding the movement rather 

 as an influence among all denominations than 

 as a denomination by itself. 



An organization was effected, however, in 

 1825. For a brief period Ralph Waldo Emerson 

 was the pastor of a Unitarian church in Bos- 

 ton, and another eminent leader in the move- 

 ment was Theodore Parker. Unitarianism also 

 claimed Bryant, Longfellow, Lowell and 

 Holmes. Unitarians have been zealous in phil- 

 anthropic and educational work. From the 

 time of its founding, in 1817, until it became 

 interdenominational in 1878, the divinity school 

 of Harvard University was a Unitarian institu- 

 tion. There are at present about five hundred 

 Unitarian congregations in the United States 

 and Canada. 



Consult Emerton's Unitarian Thought; Cooke's 

 Unitarianism in America. 



UNITED EMPIRE LOY'ALISTS, the name 

 given to about 40,000 British colonists in 

 America, who refused to join the revolting ma- 

 jority in 1776, and preferred, or sometimes were 

 driven, to seek new homes in Canada. They 

 formed important settlements in Nova Scotia 



