URUGUAY 



GOO: 



URUGUAY 



and on the Uruguay River, is next, with 22,000. 

 Mercedes, on the Rio Nyro, has 18,000; San 

 Jose, on the railway northwest of the capital, 

 and Melo, in the eastern part, have each 13,000. 

 Rocha, in the southeast, has 12,000; Agosto, 

 7,000; and Maldonado, 6,000. There are 108 

 towns and villages shown on maps, in addition 

 to these cities. In the cities and towns Uru- 

 guayan life is seen at its best. 



Public Utilities. The government of Uru- 

 guay began to build and operate railways by 

 constructing a belt road around the harbor at 

 Montevideo, and followed this up recently by 

 taking over for operation the new railway from 



zno to Trini- 

 dad. A law in 

 1916 authorized 

 the executive de- 

 partment of the 

 government t o 

 take control of 

 telegraph, tele- 

 phone and mail 

 ; this will 

 be done, in time, 

 on a comprehen- 

 sive and system- 

 atic plan, with departmental offices in all the 

 eighteen departments (provinces) of the nation. 

 I lent civil-service rules have been adopted. 

 The American International Corporation (capi- 

 talized at 150,000,000) has undertaken to 



COMPARATIVE AREAS 

 Urugruay Is but little larger 

 than the state of Missouri. 



head of cattle. There are also about 26,000,000 

 sheep, which produce generally a coarse wool. 

 It will be seen that there is employment for 

 an army of herders and shepherds. There is a 

 steady market for Uruguayan wool, hides, meat, 

 meat products and live stock. Of the field 

 crops wheat, flaxseed, oats, barley and tobacco 

 are important. The vine and the olive have 

 been imported from Italy, and are cultivated 

 on many plantations. 



While there are no extensive forests there is 

 much hardwood timber, suitable for use in 

 various manufactures. Gold was discovered in 

 1842, and gold mining has possessed some im- 

 portance among the nation's industries ever 

 since. Uruguay depends wholly upon impor- 

 tation for a great number of its manufactured 

 articles, and there are few factories in the coun- 

 try, though meat packing and distilling are of 

 considerable importance. 



The foreign commerce of Uruguay for 1915 

 amounted to 108,071,000 pesos (a peso is 

 equivalent to $1.034 in U. S. money). Of this 

 foreign commerce, 34,780,000 pesos represented 

 the imports and 73,291,000 the exports. The 

 bulk of the exports consisted of animal and 

 vegetable products. In 1912 there were 3300 

 miles of railway completed, with much more 

 projected. 



Greek Antiquities. Uruguay is the only 

 American land possessing incontestable proof 

 of its discovery by Europeans in ancient days. 



CATTLE AND SHI:I:I- i\ t'RUGUAY 

 There are more cattle and sheep In this little republic, per capita, than In any other country In 



the world. 



finance a new and extensive water supply sys- 

 and other public works in Uruguay. 



national commission of agricultural pro- 

 ion, recently organized, distributes seeds 

 and supplies demonstrators for the improve- 

 ment of agriculture. 



Production and Commerce. Thirty-three 

 tiuirs a- much I nnl is devoted to stock raising 

 as to cultivation. It is estimated that there 

 are on the ranges and ranches at least 8,000,000 



Not far from Montevideo, in 1827, a farmer of 

 influence came upon a buried tablet of stone, 

 covering a small vault of masonry and bearing 

 an inscription in Gnvk, ! tten, a part of uhi< h 

 read as follows: "In the reign of Alexander. i)>< 

 son of Philip, King of Maoedon, in the 63rd 

 Olympiad, Ptolemy." The rest of t 

 turn was so obscure that it could not be de- 

 ciphered. Moreover, the 1 ttrrs indirating tht> 

 ere misread, an<l the translation should 



