WALES 



6125 



WALKER 



ize this, for they submissively turn over their 

 wages to their wives and take for their own 

 use just whatever is handed out to them. De- 

 spite this thriftiness, however, the larder is al- 

 ways well stocked, for the Welsh are hospitable. 



LOCATION MAP 



Religion plays a great part in the lives of 

 the people, and the numerous chapels through- 

 out the country are centers of interest and ac- 

 fivity. Most of the people belong to some evan- 

 gelical Protestant denomination, the Methodist 

 Church being particularly strong. 



Resources and Industries. Little Wales pro- 

 duces about one-fifth of the coal output of the 

 entire United Kingdom. Cardiff is the great- 

 est coal-shipping port in the world, sending out 

 annually over 20,000,000 tons. Other minerals 

 exist in considerable quantities; iron, tin, cop- 

 per and zinc are of especial importance. 



Over half of the land of the country is arable, 

 and much of it is very fertile. The cereals 

 constitute the chief crop, but among the agri- 

 cultural pursuits stock raising is of first impor- 

 <-. Sheep farming has grown rapidly, and 

 tli.- typir.il \\YI-h >ln-.-p. a small mountain 

 breed, is of value both for its wool and flesh. 



History. The inhabitant* of Wales call 

 themselves not Welsh, but Cimri, and this name 

 they have borne since Roman times. The Ro- 

 mans found the early dwellers in this region 

 hard to conquer, and lo-Saxons, 



who came centuries later, did not even attempt 

 to rule here. Many of the Celtic inhabitants 

 of Britain, driven by the Teutonic invaders, 



took shelter in the Welsh mountains, and in 

 turn were merged in the original tribes. A 

 unified government, however, was never estab- 

 lished, and the little states were constantly at 

 war with one another, while those on the Eng- 

 lish border had frequent clashes with their 

 Anglo-Saxon neighbors. 



Even after William the Conqueror had forced 

 from Wales a nominal submission, the border 

 regions suffered from frequent raids, and Wil- 

 liam's success established the "Marches," whose 

 lords were given large privileges in payment 

 for holding back the Welsh. Edward I, by his 

 invasions between 1276 and 1284, finally com- 

 pelled the Welsh to accept the most humiliat- 

 ing terms, and the introduction of English gov- 

 ernment was promptly begun. To rouse the 

 pride of the Welsh and to purchase their loy- 

 alty, Edward conferred upon his son, born in 

 1301, the title of Prince of Wales, and that title 

 the heir to the throne has borne ever since. 



But so turbulent and independent a people 

 was not likely to remain submissive, especially 

 while the bards, or minstrels, continued to stir 

 up the spirit of revolt. The last rebellion of 

 importance was that headed by Owen Glen- 

 dower, whose death in 1415 put an end to the 

 rising. Since 1536, when Wales was incorpo- 

 rated with England, and its people wen 

 the privilege of the English, there has been 

 little or no trouble. See ENGLAND; GREAT 

 BRITAIN. A.MCC. 



Consult Stone's Wales: Her Origins, Struggles 

 and Later History, Institutions and Manners. 



WALES, PRINCE OF. See PRINCE OP WALES. 



WALHALLA, wahlhahl'a, or TEMPLE OF 

 FAME, a splendid gray marble building erected 

 in 1830 at Ratisbon, Bavaria, by Ludwig I, and 

 named after Valhalla, the hall of the Scandi- 

 navian gods. It is 115 by 246 feet in size, and 

 in style of architecture resembles a Greek Doric 

 temple. On the exterior are sculptured reliefs 

 of "Germania Set Free by the Battle 01 

 zig." The interior hall, of Ionic style, fifty 

 feet wide, 180 feet long and fifty-six feet Inch. 

 is decorated with a frieie of scenes from early 

 Teutonic history. The hall contains over a 

 hundred busts of noted Germans, and six 

 Victories by Rauch, the celebrated sculptor. 



WALKER, wawk'cr, the family name 

 Americans, father and son, who gained distinc- 

 tion in ihr in 1*1 of economics. 



Amasa Walker (1799-1875) was bom at 

 Woodstock, Conn. He was educated in tin- 

 public schools of that town and from 1820 to 

 1840 engaged in various kinds of commercial 



